Spring MVC 學(xué)習(xí) 之 - URL參數(shù)傳遞詳解

更新時(shí)間：2017年01月07日 17:23:20 作者：Rhythmk

本篇文章主要介紹了SpringMVC-URL參數(shù)傳遞，在學(xué)習(xí) Spring Mvc 過(guò)程中，有必要來(lái)先了解幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)，有興趣的可以了解一下。

在學(xué)習(xí) Spring Mvc 過(guò)程中，有必要來(lái)先了解幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)：

@Controller：

在類(lèi)上注解，則此類(lèi)將編程一個(gè)控制器，在項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng) Spring 將自動(dòng)掃描此類(lèi)，并進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng)URL路由映射。

@Controller

public class UserAction{ }

@RequestMapping

指定URL映射路徑，如果在控制器上配置 RequestMapping ，具體請(qǐng)求方法也配置路徑則映射的路徑為兩者路徑的疊加常用映射如:RequestMapping("url.html")

配置映射路徑：

@Controller
public class UserAction 
{
  @RequestMapping(value = "/get_alluser.html")
  public ModelAndView GetAllUser(String Id)
  {
  }
}

以上配置映射

http://***:8080:web1/get_alluser.html：

如在 @Controller添加 @RequestMapping(value = "/user"),則映射路徑變成

http://***:8080:web1/user/get_alluser.html

@ResponseBody

將注解方法對(duì)應(yīng)的字符串直接返回

@RequestParam

自動(dòng)映射URL對(duì)應(yīng)的參數(shù)到Action上面的數(shù)值，RequestParam 默認(rèn)為必填參數(shù)。

@PathVariable

獲取@RequestMapping 配置指定格式的URL映射參數(shù)

 /*
   *  直接輸出 HTML，或JSON 字符串
   *  請(qǐng)求路徑:
   *    /web1/urlinfo/getcontent.html?key=rhythmk
   *   /web1/urlinfo/getcontent.json?key=rhythmk
   * */
  @ResponseBody
  @RequestMapping(value = "/getcontent.**")
  public String GetContent(
      @RequestParam("key") String key,
      @RequestParam(value = "key2", required = false, defaultValue = "defaultValue") String key2) {
    System.out.println("getcontent 被調(diào)用");
    String result = "直接返回內(nèi)容 - key:" + key + ",key2:" + key2;
    System.out.println(result);
    return result;
  }

 /*
   * RequestMapping 支持 Ant 風(fēng)格的URL配置 ：
   * 請(qǐng)求路徑：
   *   /urlinfo/geturlant/config.html?key=adddd
   */
  @ResponseBody
  @RequestMapping(value = "/geturlant/**.html")
  public String getUrlAnt(HttpServletRequest request) {
    String result = "?后面的參數(shù)為：" + request.getQueryString();
    return result;
  }

 /*
   * 配置指定格式的URL，映射到對(duì)應(yīng)的參數(shù)
   *  請(qǐng)求路徑：/web1/urlinfo/geturlparam/12_123.html
   *   
   * */
  
  @RequestMapping(value = "/geturlparam/{id}_{menuId}.html")
  public ModelAndView getUrlParam(@PathVariable("id") String id,
      @PathVariable("menuId") String menuId) {
    ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg);
    mode.addObject("msg", "獲取到的Id:" + id + ",menuId:" + menuId);
    return mode;
  }

  /*
   * 只接收Post 請(qǐng)求
   */
  @ResponseBody
  @RequestMapping(value = "/posturl.html", method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public String UrlMethod(@RequestParam String id) {
    return "只能是Post請(qǐng)求,獲取到的Id:" + id;
  }

  /*
   *  寫(xiě)入 cookie
   * */ 
  @RequestMapping("/writecookies.html")
  public ModelAndView writeCookies(@RequestParam String value,
      HttpServletResponse response) {

    response.addCookie(new Cookie("key", value));
    ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg);
    mode.addObject("msg", "cookies 寫(xiě)入成功");
    return mode ;
  }

  /*
    * 通過(guò) @CookieValue 獲取對(duì)應(yīng)的key的值
    * */
  @RequestMapping("/getcookies.html")
  public ModelAndView getCookie(@CookieValue("key") String cookvalue) {
    ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg);
    mode.addObject("msg", "cookies=" + cookvalue);
    return mode;
  }

  /* 
   * 將 Servlet Api 作為參數(shù)傳入 
   *  可以在action中直接使用 HttpServletResponse，HttpServletRequest
   * */
  @RequestMapping("/servlet.html")
  public String Servlet1(HttpServletResponse response,
      HttpServletRequest request) {

    Boolean result = (request != null && response != null);
    ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView();
    mode.addObject("msg", "result=" + result.toString());
    return ShowMsg;

  }

  /*
   *  根據(jù)URL傳入的參數(shù)實(shí)例化對(duì)象
   *  
   *  如： http://127.0.0.1:8080/web1/urlinfo/getobject.html?UserId=1&UserName=ad
   * */
  @RequestMapping("getobject.html")
  public ModelAndView getObject(UserInfo user) {
    String result = "用戶(hù)ID：" + user.getUserId().toString() + ",用戶(hù)名:"
        + user.getUserName().toString();
    ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg);
    mode.addObject("msg", "result=" + result.toString());
    return mode;
  }

實(shí)現(xiàn)頁(yè)面跳轉(zhuǎn)：

  /* 
   * 實(shí)現(xiàn)頁(yè)面跳轉(zhuǎn)
   * /web1/urlinfo/redirectpage.html
   * */
  @RequestMapping("/redirectpage.html")
  public String RedirectPage()
  {
    return "redirect:getcookies.html?r=10"; 
        
  }

直接回傳JSON

請(qǐng)求的URL地址一定是以.json結(jié)尾，否則異常

Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 406 (Not Acceptable) ： The resource identified by this request is only capable of generating responses with characteristics not acceptable according to the request "accept" headers ()

回傳實(shí)體：

@JsonSerialize(include = JsonSerialize.Inclusion.NON_NULL)
public class UserInfo {

   private Integer UserId;
   public Integer getUserId() {
    return UserId;
  }
  public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
    UserId = userId;
  }
  public String getUserName() {
    return UserName;
  }
  public void setUserName(String userName) {
    UserName = userName;
  }
  private String UserName;
   
   
}

回傳 action

@ResponseBody
  @RequestMapping("/getuser.json")
  public UserInfo GetUser()
  {
    System.out.println("getuser");
    UserInfo model=new UserInfo();
    model.setUserId(100);
    model.setUserName("王坤");
    return model;
  }

請(qǐng)求：

/web1/urlinfo/getuser.json

輸出：