old_f_name = input(“請輸入備份的文件路徑:”) 
old_f = open(old_f_name, “r”)

new_f_name = “[復件]” + old_f_name 
 123.txt -> 123[復件].txt 123 + “[復件]” + .txt 
 index = old_f_name.rfind(“.”) # 獲取.對應的后綴 
if index >= 0: # 如果有后綴 
new_f_name = old_f_name[:index] + “[復件]” + old_f_name[index:] 
 else: # 如果沒有后綴 
new_f_name = old_f_name + “[復件]” 
new_f = open(new_f_name, “w”)

import os
import time
source = ['D:\\MyDrivers\hotfix']  #這里可以用自然字符串表示r'，因為windows下的分隔符
與python的有沖突，所以需要轉義字符\
# 2. 備份文件到目標路徑
target_dir = 'F:\\DMDownLoad\\' #這里的末尾一定不要丟分隔符，否者創(chuàng)建的文件會在F:目錄下，
而不會在DMDownload目錄下
# 3. The files are backed up into a zip file.
# 4. The current day is the name of the subdirectory in the main directory
today = target_dir + time.strftime('%Y%m%d') #time.strftime表示對當前時間的調(diào)用，括號內(nèi)為參數(shù)設定
# The current time is the name of the zip archive
now = time.strftime('%H%M%S')
# Take a comment from the user to create the name of the zip file
comment = raw_input('Enter a comment -->')
if len(comment)==0: 
  target = today+os.sep+now+'.zip' 
#os.sep表示目錄符號，windows下是\\，linux下是/,mac下是：，這里為了保證移植性，
所以os.sep會根據(jù)系統(tǒng)給出分隔符
else:
  target = today+os.sep+now+'_'+\
       comment.replace(' ','_')+'.zip'
  # Notice the backslash!
# Create the subdirectory if it isn't already there
if not os.path.exists(today):
  os.mkdir(today) # make directory
  print('Successfully created directory', today)
# 5. 用winrar的rar命令壓縮文件，但首先要安裝有winrar且設置winrar到環(huán)境變量的路徑path中
zip_command = "rar a %s %s" %(target,''.join(source))
#這行命令之前的所有target  、target_dir、today這些都是字符串，只有在
這個命令和os.makedir中才是真正的表示路徑
# Run the backup
#設置winrar到path環(huán)境中，這里已經(jīng)手動添加了，如果沒有去掉#號
#os.system('set Path=%Path%;C:\Program Files\WinRAR')
if os.system(zip_command)==0:
  print'Successful backup to', target
else:
  print'Backup FAILED'