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使用Python抓取豆瓣影評(píng)數(shù)據(jù)的方法

更新時(shí)間：2018年10月17日 10:34:22 作者：no-96

今天小編就為大家分享一篇關(guān)于使用Python抓取豆瓣影評(píng)數(shù)據(jù)的方法，小編覺(jué)得內(nèi)容挺不錯(cuò)的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，需要的朋友一起跟隨小編來(lái)看看吧

抓取豆瓣影評(píng)評(píng)分

正常的抓取

分析請(qǐng)求的url

https://movie.douban.com/subject/26322642/comments?start=20&limit=20&sort=new_score&status=P&percent_type=

里面有用的也就是start和limit參數(shù)，我嘗試過(guò)修改limit參數(shù)，但是沒(méi)有效果，可以認(rèn)為是默認(rèn)的
start參數(shù)是用來(lái)設(shè)置從第幾條數(shù)據(jù)開(kāi)始查詢的

設(shè)計(jì)查詢列表，發(fā)現(xiàn)頁(yè)面中有url中的查詢部分，且指向下一個(gè)頁(yè)面

于是采用下面的代碼進(jìn)行判斷是否還有下一個(gè)頁(yè)面

if next_url:
    visit_URL('https://movie.douban.com/subject/24753477/comments'+next_url)

用requests發(fā)送請(qǐng)求，beautifulsoup進(jìn)行網(wǎng)頁(yè)解析

把數(shù)據(jù)寫(xiě)入txt

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
first_url = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/26322642/comments?status=P'
# 請(qǐng)求頭部
headers = {
  'Host':'movie.douban.com',
  'Referer':'https://movie.douban.com/subject/24753477/?tag=%E7%83%AD%E9%97%A8&from=gaia_video',
  'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1',
  'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36',
}
def visit_URL(url):
  res = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
  soup = BeautifulSoup(res.content,'html5lib')
  div_comment = soup.find_all('div',class_='comment-item') # 找到所有的評(píng)論模塊
  for com in div_comment:
    username = com.find('div',class_='avatar').a['title']
    comment_time = com.find('span',class_='comment-time')['title']
    votes = com.find('span',class_='votes').get_text()
    comment = com.p.get_text()
    with open('1.txt','a',encoding='utf8') as file:
      file.write('評(píng)論人：'+username+'\n')
      file.write('評(píng)論時(shí)間：'+comment_time+'\n')
      file.write('支持人數(shù)：'+votes+'\n')
      file.write('評(píng)論內(nèi)容：'+comment+'\n')
  # 檢查是否有下一頁(yè)
  next_url = soup.find('a',class_='next')
  if next_url:
    temp = next_url['href'].strip().split('&amp;') # 獲取下一個(gè)url
    next_url = ''.join(temp)
    print(next_url)
  # print(next_url)
  if next_url:
    visit_URL('https://movie.douban.com/subject/24753477/comments'+next_url)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  visit_URL(first_url)

模仿移動(dòng)端

很多時(shí)候模仿移動(dòng)端獲得的頁(yè)面會(huì)比PC端的簡(jiǎn)單，更加容易解析，這次模擬移動(dòng)端，發(fā)現(xiàn)可以直接訪問(wèn)api獲取json格式的數(shù)據(jù)，nice!

至于怎么模擬移動(dòng)端只需要將user-agent修改為移動(dòng)端的頭

useragents = [
  "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 9_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/601.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) CriOS/47.0.2526.70 Mobile/13C71 Safari/601.1.46",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.4.4; Nexus 5 Build/KTU84P) AppleWebkit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0)"

怎么獲取這些頭部？用火狐的插件user-agent switcher

之后的操作就是解析json

import random
import requests
import json
import time
first_url = 'https://m.douban.com/rexxar/api/v2/tv/26322642/interests?count=20&order_by=hot&start=0&ck=dNhr&for_mobile=1'
url = 'https://m.douban.com/rexxar/api/v2/tv/26322642/interests'
# 移動(dòng)端頭部信息
useragents = [
  "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 9_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/601.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) CriOS/47.0.2526.70 Mobile/13C71 Safari/601.1.46",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.4.4; Nexus 5 Build/KTU84P) AppleWebkit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0)"
]
def visit_URL(i):
  print(">>>>>",i)
  # 請(qǐng)求頭部
  headers = {
    'Host':'m.douban.com',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1',
    'User-Agent':random.choice(useragents)
  }
  params = {
    'count':'50',
    'order_by':'hot',
    'start':str(i),
    'for_mobile':'1',
    'ck':'dNhr'
  }
  res = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers,params=params)
  res_json = res.json()
  interests = res_json['interests']
  print(len(interests))
  for item in interests:
    with open('huge.txt','a',encoding='utf-8') as file:
      if item['user']:
        if item['user']['name']:
          file.write('評(píng)論用戶:'+item['user']['name']+'\n')
      else:
        file.write('評(píng)論用戶:none\n')
      if item['create_time']:
        file.write('評(píng)論時(shí)間:'+item['create_time']+'\n')
      else:
        file.write('評(píng)論時(shí)間:none\n')
      if item['comment']:
        file.write('評(píng)論內(nèi)容:'+item['comment']+'\n')
      else:
        file.write('評(píng)論內(nèi)容:none\n')
      if item['rating']:
        if item['rating']['value']:
          file.write('對(duì)電影的評(píng)分:'+str(item['rating']['value'])+'\n\n')
      else:
        file.write('對(duì)電影的評(píng)分:none\n')
if __name__ == '__main__':
  for i in range(0,66891,20):
    # time.sleep(2)
    visit_URL(i)

總結(jié)

以上就是這篇文章的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望本文的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，謝謝大家對(duì)腳本之家的支持。如果你想了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)查看下面相關(guān)鏈接

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