python實現(xiàn)五子棋游戲（pygame版）

更新時間：2020年01月19日 10:08:45 作者：king0964

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了python實現(xiàn)五子棋游戲，pygame版五子棋，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

本文實例為大家分享了python五子棋游戲的具體代碼，供大家參考，具體內(nèi)容如下

簡介
實現(xiàn)過程
結(jié)語

簡介

使用python實現(xiàn)pygame版的五子棋游戲；

環(huán)境：Windows系統(tǒng)+python3.8.0

游戲規(guī)則：

1.分兩位棋手對戰(zhàn)，默認(rèn)黑棋先下；當(dāng)在棋盤點擊左鍵，即在該位置繪制黑棋；

2.自動切換到白棋，當(dāng)在棋盤點擊左鍵，即在該位置繪制白棋；

3.輪流切換棋手下棋，當(dāng)那方先形成5子連線者獲勝（橫、豎、斜、反斜四個方向都可以）。

游戲運行效果如下：

實現(xiàn)過程

1.新建文件settings.py，用來定義一些必須的基本屬性和初始值；

class Settings():
 def __init__(self):
 """初始化的游戲配置"""
 # 屏幕寬高
 self.width = 700
 self.height = 554
 # 文字顏色和大小
 self.fontsize = 14
 self.fonttype = 'simsunnsimsun'
 # 棋盤格數(shù)
 self.number = 15
 # 棋盤左邊距、上邊距和間隔
 self.bd_left = 30
 self.bd_top = 30
 self.bd_space = 36
 # 判斷游戲是否結(jié)束（默認(rèn)開始）
 self.game_active = True
 # 判斷哪方下棋（默認(rèn)黑子先寫）
 self.chess_player = 1
 self.prompt_info = '當(dāng)前棋手：黑棋'
 # 開始校驗輸贏（兩邊合計9，因為已經(jīng)有一邊5步）
 self.win_number = 0
 # 設(shè)置背景圖、黑棋圖片、白棋圖片路徑
 self.checkerboard_bg = 'images/checkerboard_bg.png'
 self.black_chess = 'images/black_chess.png'
 self.white_chess = 'images/white_chess.png'
 # 存儲落子數(shù)據(jù)
 self.move_chess = []

2.新建文件checkerboard.py，主要用來繪制背景圖和棋格線；

import sys
import pygame
 
class Checkerboard():
 def __init__(self, ck_settings, screen, position):
 self.ck_settings = ck_settings
 self.screen = screen
 self.position = position
 
 # 顏色和坐標(biāo)大小
 self.text_color = (0, 0, 0)
 self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(ck_settings.fonttype, ck_settings.fontsize)
 # 存儲棋子坐標(biāo)
 self.checkerboard = []
 # 加載背景圖、黑棋和白棋（當(dāng)有圖片不存在時，打印錯誤并退出游戲）
 try:
 self.bg_image = pygame.image.load(ck_settings.checkerboard_bg) 
 self.black_image = pygame.image.load(ck_settings.black_chess).convert_alpha() # convert_alpha背景透明
 self.white_image = pygame.image.load(ck_settings.white_chess).convert_alpha()
 self.chess_rect = self.black_image.get_rect()
 except Exception as e:
 print('error:', e)
 sys.exit()
 
 def draw_board(self): 
 # 存儲棋子坐標(biāo) 
 for i in range(self.ck_settings.number):
 self.checkerboard.append([])
 for j in range(self.ck_settings.number):
 self.checkerboard[i].append(self.position(self.ck_settings.bd_left + i * self.ck_settings.bd_space, self.ck_settings.bd_top + j * self.ck_settings.bd_space))
 # 繪制棋盤坐標(biāo)
 for i in range(0, self.ck_settings.number):
 # ord返回字符的ASCII數(shù)值，chr再返回字符
 x_text = self.font.render(chr(ord('A') + i), True, self.text_color) # A-O
 y_text = self.font.render(str(i + 1), True, self.text_color) # 1-15
 
 # 繪制xy軸坐標(biāo)（在棋盤背景圖繪制）
 self.bg_image.blit(x_text, (self.checkerboard[i][0].x - x_text.get_width() / 2, self.checkerboard[i][0].y - 20))
 self.bg_image.blit(y_text, (self.checkerboard[0][i].x - 20, self.checkerboard[0][i].y - y_text.get_height() / 2))
  
 # 繪制橫豎線（在棋盤背景圖繪制）
 pygame.draw.line(self.bg_image, self.text_color, self.checkerboard[0][i], self.checkerboard[self.ck_settings.number-1][i])
 pygame.draw.line(self.bg_image, self.text_color, self.checkerboard[i][0], self.checkerboard[i][self.ck_settings.number-1])
 # 繪制棋盤背景圖
 self.screen.blit(self.bg_image, (0, 0))

3.新建文件infopanel.py，主要用來繪制棋盤右邊提示信息（暫時只有顯示下棋方和獲勝信息）；

import pygame.font
class Infopanel():
 def __init__(self, ck_settings, screen):
 """初始化屬性"""
 self.settings = ck_settings
 self.screen = screen
 self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
 # 設(shè)置文字顏色和字體大小
 self.info_color = (217, 8, 10)
 self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(ck_settings.fonttype, 16)
 
 def draw_info(self, info):
 """將文字渲染為圖像，并定位到右邊水平居中"""
 self.info_image = self.font.render(info, True, self.info_color)
 self.info_image_rect = self.info_image.get_rect()
 self.info_image_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - (self.screen_rect.width - 536 - self.info_image_rect.width) / 2
 self.info_image_rect.top = 50
 # 繪制到屏幕
 self.screen.blit(self.info_image, self.info_image_rect)

4.新建文件“game_functions.py”，存放跟游戲有關(guān)的所有業(yè)務(wù)邏輯函數(shù)；

import sys
import pygame
 
# 棋
def update_board(ck_settings, cb, index_coordinates, position):
 """更新棋盤信息"""
 # 判斷棋手（黑棋或白棋）
 if ck_settings.chess_player == 1:
 ck_settings.prompt_info = '當(dāng)前棋手：白棋'
 img = cb.black_image
 chess_type = 'black'
 else:
 ck_settings.prompt_info = '當(dāng)前棋手：黑棋'
 img = cb.white_image
 chess_type = 'white'
 
 """落棋"""
 dropState = check_at(ck_settings, index_coordinates)
 if dropState:
 i, j = index_coordinates
 chess_x = cb.checkerboard[j][i].x - cb.chess_rect.width / 2
 chess_y = cb.checkerboard[j][i].y - cb.chess_rect.height / 2
 # 累計步數(shù)（兩邊合計）
 ck_settings.win_number += 1
 # 落子并轉(zhuǎn)換棋手
 ck_settings.move_chess.append({'type': chess_type, 'coord': position(i, j)})
 cb.bg_image.blit(img, (chess_x, chess_y))
 ck_settings.chess_player *= -1
 # 合計9步開始校驗輸贏
 if ck_settings.win_number >= 9:
 check_stats(ck_settings, (i, j)) 
 else:
 ck_settings.prompt_info = '已經(jīng)有其他棋子'
 
 
# 檢查(i,j)位置是否已占用 
def check_at(ck_settings, index_coordinates):
 for item in ck_settings.move_chess:
 if index_coordinates == item['coord']:
 return False
 return True
 
def check_stats(ck_settings, pos):
 """校驗四個方向，是否有了輸贏"""
 pos_i, pos_j = pos
 directs = [(1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, -1)] # 橫、豎、斜、反斜 四個方向檢查 
 for direct in directs:
 line_checkerboard = []
 d_x, d_y = direct
 
 last = ck_settings.move_chess[-1]
 line_ball = [] # 存放在一條線上的棋子
 for ball in ck_settings.move_chess:
 # 跟最后落子判斷
 if ball['type'] == last['type']:
 x = ball['coord'].x - last['coord'].x 
 y = ball['coord'].y - last['coord'].y
 if d_x == 0:
  if x == 0:
  line_ball.append(ball['coord'])
 if d_y == 0:
  if y == 0:
  line_ball.append(ball['coord'])
 if x * d_y == y * d_x:
  line_ball.append(ball['coord'])
 
 if len(line_ball) >= 5: # 只有5子及以上才繼續(xù)判斷
 sorted_line = sorted(line_ball)
 for i, item in enumerate(sorted_line): 
 index = i + 4
 if index < len(sorted_line):
  if d_x == 0:
  y1 = item.y
  y2 = sorted_line[index].y
  # 此點和第5個點比較y值，如相差為4則連成5子
  if abs(y1 - y2) == 4:
  ck_settings.prompt_info = '黑棋獲勝' if last['type'] == 'black' else '白棋獲勝'
  else:
  x1 = item.x
  x2 = sorted_line[index].x
  # 此點和第5個點比較x值，如相差為4則連成5子
  if abs(x1 - x2) == 4:
  ck_settings.prompt_info = '黑棋獲勝' if last['type'] == 'black' else '白棋獲勝'
 else:
  break
 
# 事件
def check_events(ck_settings, cb, position):
 """監(jiān)聽事件"""
 for event in pygame.event.get():
 if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
 sys.exit()
 elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
 # 點擊左鍵
 if event.button == 1:
 pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() # 獲取點擊實際坐標(biāo)
 # 判斷是否溢出
 x_first = cb.checkerboard[0][0].x
 x_last = cb.checkerboard[ck_settings.number - 1][ck_settings.number - 1].x
 y_first = cb.checkerboard[0][0].y
 y_last = cb.checkerboard[ck_settings.number - 1][ck_settings.number - 1].y
 if pos[0] < x_first or pos[0] > x_last or pos[1] < y_first or pos[1] > y_last:
  ck_settings.prompt_info = '落子位置不正確！'
 else:
  index_coordinates = to_index(ck_settings, pos)
  update_board(ck_settings, cb, index_coordinates, position)
 
def to_index(ck_settings, pos):
 """實際坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換為棋盤下標(biāo)"""
 i = round((pos[1] - ck_settings.bd_top) / ck_settings.bd_space)
 j = round((pos[0] - ck_settings.bd_left) / ck_settings.bd_space)
 return (i, j)

5.新建文件gobang.py，主函數(shù)用來初始化程序，并同步更新程序的信息；

import pygame
from settings import Settings
from checkerboard import Checkerboard
from collections import namedtuple
import game_functions as gf
from infopanel import Infopanel
 
def run_game():
 """運行游戲"""
 # 初始化游戲屏幕
 pygame.init()
 # 創(chuàng)建時鐘對象 (可以控制游戲循環(huán)頻率)
 clock = pygame.time.Clock()
 # 配置實例化
 ck_settings = Settings() 
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ck_settings.width, ck_settings.height))
 pygame.display.set_caption('五子棋游戲')
 # namedtuple創(chuàng)建類似于元組的數(shù)據(jù)類型，除了可以用索引訪問，能夠迭代，還能用屬性名訪問數(shù)據(jù)
 position = namedtuple('Position', ['x', 'y'])
 # 創(chuàng)建實例
 cb = Checkerboard(ck_settings, screen, position)
 
 # 實例化面板信息
 infopanel = Infopanel(ck_settings, screen)
 
 while ck_settings.game_active:
 # 繪制棋盤
 cb.draw_board()
 # 繪制面板信息
 infopanel.draw_info(ck_settings.prompt_info)
 # 檢查玩家事件并更新棋盤
 gf.check_events(ck_settings, cb, position)
 # 讓最近繪制的屏幕可見
 pygame.display.flip()
 
 # 通過時鐘對象指定循環(huán)頻率
 clock.tick(60) # 每秒循環(huán)60次
 
run_game()

6.在文件gobang.py目錄路徑下，執(zhí)行命令“python gobang.py”彈出窗口，即可對其操作游玩。

結(jié)語

該游戲只是實現(xiàn)了基礎(chǔ)功能，還有很多可優(yōu)化的功能：

1.根據(jù)實際情況加上更詳細(xì)的面板信息（比如倒計時等）；

2.加上開始游戲按鈕，可參考前面python實例；

3.勝負(fù)榜單等，可參考前面python實例。

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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