Python爬蟲自動(dòng)化獲取華圖和粉筆網(wǎng)站的錯(cuò)題(推薦)

更新時(shí)間：2021年01月08日 11:06:52 作者：KelvinChunggg

這篇文章主要介紹了Python爬蟲自動(dòng)化獲取華圖和粉筆網(wǎng)站的錯(cuò)題,本文給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價(jià)值，需要的朋友可以參考下

粉筆網(wǎng)站

我們從做過的題目組中獲取錯(cuò)題

在這里插入圖片描述

打開某一次做題組，我們首先進(jìn)行抓包看看數(shù)據(jù)在哪里

在這里插入圖片描述

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)被隱藏，事實(shí)上數(shù)據(jù)在這兩個(gè)包中：
https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/questions
https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/solutions
一個(gè)為題目的一個(gè)為解析的。此url要通過傳入一個(gè)題目組參數(shù)才能獲取到當(dāng)前題目數(shù)據(jù)，而題目組參數(shù)在這個(gè)包中

在這里插入圖片描述

以網(wǎng)址的倒數(shù)第二個(gè)數(shù)字串有關(guān)

在這里插入圖片描述

url的規(guī)則為'https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/exercises/'+str(id_)+'?app=web&kav=12&version=3.0.0.0'，id_即為下劃線數(shù)字
通過請(qǐng)求這個(gè)包獲取到參數(shù)然后通過參數(shù)請(qǐng)求上面兩個(gè)包（

https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/questions
https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/solutions

）即可獲取到題目數(shù)據(jù)，而且自己的答案在也在這個(gè)包中。

不過粉筆的題目數(shù)據(jù)有些是圖片，而且圖片在題目中，選項(xiàng)中，這里以word文檔存儲(chǔ)操作docx庫有些吃力，于是我想到了直接構(gòu)造HTML代碼，然后通過pdfkit轉(zhuǎn)為pdf（具體如何下載可以參考百度，要下載wkhtmltopdf.exe）即可變?yōu)殄e(cuò)題集在平板或者其他設(shè)備中看。
（請(qǐng)求時(shí)一定要攜帶完整的headers，否則很可能獲取不到數(shù)據(jù)）

具體操作看代碼解析

###此函數(shù)用于解析題目和每道題的答案
def jiexi(liebiao):
 new = []
 timu_last = []
 for each in liebiao:
  new.append(re.sub(r'flag=\\"tex\\" ','',each))
 for each in new:
  timu_last.append(re.sub(r'\\','',each))
 return timu_last
###此函數(shù)用于解析選項(xiàng)
def xuanxiang(liebiao):
 xuanxiang_v2 = []
 xuanxiang_v3 = []
 for each in liebiao:
  a = re.sub('<p>','',each)
  a = re.sub('</p>','',a)
  xuanxiang_v2.append(a)
 for each in xuanxiang_v2:
  each = each+'</p>'
  xuanxiang_v3.append(each)
 return xuanxiang_v3
import requests
import re
import pdfkit
import os
url = str(input("請(qǐng)輸入練習(xí)的網(wǎng)址："))
###獲取本節(jié)練習(xí)id
id_ = re.findall(r'https://www.fenbi.com/spa/tiku.*?/xingce/xingce/(.*?)/',url,re.S)[0]
mid_url = 'https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/exercises/'+str(id_)+'?app=web&kav=12&version=3.0.0.0'
headers = {
#####完整的headers，自己添加
}
response = requests.get(url=mid_url,headers=headers)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
page_text = response.text
###獲取題目組參數(shù)
id_list = re.findall('\"questionIds\"\:\[(.*?)\]\,',page_text,re.S)
###獲取自己的答案
your_answer = re.findall(r'"answer":{"choice":"(.*?)",',page_text,re.S)
###此練習(xí)名稱
name = re.findall(r'"name":"(.*?)",',page_text,re.S)[0]
###真正存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的包
timu_url = 'https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/questions'
params = {
 'ids': id_list
}
response = requests.get(url=timu_url,headers=headers,params=params)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
page_text = response.text
###獲取正確答案
true_answer = re.findall('"correctAnswer":{"choice":"(.*?)"',page_text,re.S)
###真正存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的包
solution_url = 'https://tiku.fenbi.com/api/xingce/solutions'
response = requests.get(url=solution_url,headers=headers,params=params)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
page_text = response.text
###獲取解析
solution_list = re.findall(r'"solution":"(.*?)","userAnswer"',page_text,re.S)
solution_last = jiexi(solution_list)
cailiao = []
timu = []
###獲取單選題題目和復(fù)合題的題目
for each in response.json():
 timu.append(each['content'])
 try:
  cailiao.append(each['material']['content'])
 except:
  cailiao.append('none')
###獲取選項(xiàng)信息
A_option = re.findall('\"options\"\:\[\"(.*?)\"\,\".*?\"\,\".*?\"\,\".*?\"\]',page_text,re.S)
B_option = re.findall('\"options\"\:\[\".*?\"\,\"(.*?)\"\,\".*?\"\,\".*?\"\]',page_text,re.S)
C_option = re.findall('\"options\"\:\[\".*?\"\,\".*?\"\,\"(.*?)\"\,\".*?\"\]',page_text,re.S)
D_option = re.findall('\"options\"\:\[\".*?\"\,\".*?\"\,\".*?\"\,\"(.*?)\"\]',page_text,re.S)
A_option = xuanxiang(A_option)
B_option = xuanxiang(B_option)
C_option = xuanxiang(C_option)
D_option = xuanxiang(D_option)
A_option = jiexi(A_option)
B_option = jiexi(B_option)
C_option = jiexi(C_option)
D_option = jiexi(D_option)
###構(gòu)造HTML代碼
count = 0
all_content = "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<meta charset='utf-8'>\n<html>"
for each in true_answer:
 if each != your_answer[count]:
  ###處理復(fù)合題
  if cailiao[count] != 'none' and cailiao[count] not in all_content:
   all_content += cailiao[count]
  all_content += str(count+1)
  all_content += '、'
  all_content += timu[count][3:]
  all_content += 'A、'
  all_content += A_option[count]
  all_content += 'B、'
  all_content += B_option[count]
  all_content += 'C、'
  all_content += C_option[count]
  all_content += 'D、'
  all_content += D_option[count]
  all_content += '<br>'
 count += 1
count = 0
all_content += '<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>'
for each in true_answer:
 if each != your_answer[count]:
  temp = '第'+str(count+1)+'題的正確答案為'
  all_content += temp
  if true_answer[count]=='0':
   all_content += 'A'
  elif true_answer[count]=='1':
   all_content += 'B'
  elif true_answer[count]=='2':
   all_content += 'C'
  elif true_answer[count]=='3':
   all_content += 'D'
  all_content += solution_last[count]
  all_content += '<br>'
 count += 1
all_content += '</html>'
path_name = name + '.html'
###保存為HTML文件
with open(path_name,'w',encoding='utf-8') as fp:
 fp.write(all_content)
confg = pdfkit.configuration(wkhtmltopdf=r'wkhtmltopdf.exe保存的路徑')
pdfkit.from_url(path_name, name+'.pdf',configuration=confg)###把HTML文件轉(zhuǎn)為pdf
print('錯(cuò)題PDF保存成功')
###刪除HTML文件
os.remove(path_name)

華圖網(wǎng)站

在這里插入圖片描述

也是答題記錄中自己做過的題目
華圖網(wǎng)站稍微不一樣，他的數(shù)據(jù)直接抓包就可看到

在這里插入圖片描述

通過請(qǐng)求這個(gè)包即可獲取到數(shù)據(jù)，接下來就是解析的事情了，這次我用word文檔進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ)，如果覺得不方便也可以像上文一樣構(gòu)造HTML

##導(dǎo)包
import requests
import lxml.etree
import re
import time
import os
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Inches
from docx.shared import Pt
from docx.shared import Inches
from docx.oxml.ns import qn
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
url = str(input("請(qǐng)輸入練習(xí)的網(wǎng)址："))
headers={
###完整的headers，否則獲取不到數(shù)據(jù)
}
response = requests.get(url = url,headers = headers)
response.encoding='utf-8'
reptext = response.text
tree = lxml.etree.HTML(reptext) #解析網(wǎng)站獲取源碼

dirName="考公圖片"
if not os.path.exists(dirName):
 os.mkdir(dirName) #網(wǎng)站圖片保存路徑
 
jiexi = re.findall(r'<div class="jiexi-item-title">解析.*?。</div>.*?</div>', reptext,re.S) #獲取題目解析

imgg = []
for each in jiexi:
 imgg.append(re.findall(r'<img src="(.*?)".*?>', each)) #獲取解析里的圖片URL
 
imgt = []
for each in imgg:
 if each == []:
  imgt.append([1])
 else:
  imgt.append(each) #把解析里圖片URL美化整理一下
  
jiexilast = []
for qq in jiexi:
 jiexilast.append(re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', qq)) #美化題目解析
 
corrected = re.findall(r'<span class="g-right-answer-color">[a-zA-Z]{1,4}</span>', reptext) #獲取正確答案
correct = []
for ee in corrected:
 correct.append(re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', ee)) #美化正確答案
 
yoursed = re.findall(r'<span class="yellowWord">[a-zA-Z]{1,4}</span>', reptext) #獲取自己的答案
yours = []
for ee in yoursed:
 yours.append(re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', ee)) #美化自己的答案
 
timuleixing = re.findall(r'<span class="greenWord">(.*?)</span>.*?</div>',reptext,re.S) #獲取題目類型

find1 = re.findall(r'<span class="greenWord">.*?</span>(.*?)</div>',reptext,re.S)
for each in find1:
 re.sub(r'<.*?>','',each)
find5 = [] #最終的題目
for each in find1:
 find5.append(re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', each))
 
img = []
for each in find1:
 img.append(re.findall(r'<img src="(.*?)".*?>', each))
imgx = []
for each in img:
 if each == []:
  imgx.append([1])
 else:
  imgx.append(each) #最終版題目圖片URL
  

v = tree.xpath('//div[@class="exercise-main-title"]//text()') #本次題目類型

try:
 ###這是既有復(fù)合題也有單選題的
 fuheti = re.findall(r'<!--復(fù)合題-->(.*?)<div class="exercise-main-topics"',reptext,re.S)[0].split('<!--復(fù)合題-->')
except:
 try:
  ###這是只有復(fù)合題或者復(fù)合題在最后幾題的
  fuheti = re.findall(r'<!--復(fù)合題-->(.*?)<!-- 糾錯(cuò)的彈窗 -->',reptext,re.S)[0].split('<!--復(fù)合題-->')
 except:
  pass
count = 0

###導(dǎo)入標(biāo)題
document = Document()
p = document.add_paragraph()
p.paragraph_format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
run = p.add_run(v[0][5:-3])
run.font.size = Pt(14)
run.font.name=u'宋體'
r = run._element
r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
choose = []

###處理題目選項(xiàng)
axuanxiang = []
bxuanxiang = []
cxuanxiang = []
dxuanxiang = []
xuanxiang = re.findall(r'<div class="main-topic-choices">(.*?)<div class="main-topic-letters clearfix pl14">',reptext,re.S)
for everything in xuanxiang:
 try: ##處理只有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)
  axuanxiang.append(re.sub("<.*?>","",re.findall(r'<div.*?class.*?main-topic-choice.*?>(A.*?)</div>',everything,re.S)[0]))
 except:
  axuanxiang.append('--')
 try:
  bxuanxiang.append(re.sub("<.*?>","",re.findall(r'<div.*?class.*?main-topic-choice.*?>(B.*?)</div>',everything,re.S)[0]))
 except:
  bxuanxiang.append('--')
 try:
  cxuanxiang.append(re.sub("<.*?>","",re.findall(r'<div.*?class.*?main-topic-choice.*?>(C.*?)</div>',everything,re.S)[0]))
 except:
  cxuanxiang.append('--')
 try:
  dxuanxiang.append(re.sub("<.*?>","",re.findall(r'<div.*?class.*?main-topic-choice.*?>(D.*?)</div>',everything,re.S)[0]))
 except:
  dxuanxiang.append('--')
  

 
for every in correct:
 if every != yours[count]:
  ###處理復(fù)合題題目
  try:
   for eacy in fuheti:
    if find5[count] in eacy:
     fuheti_URL = re.findall(r'<img src="(.*?)".*?>',re.findall(r'.*?<p>(.*?)</p>',eacy,re.S)[0],re.S)
     fuheti_last = re.sub(r'<.*?>','',re.findall(r'.*?<p>(.*?)</p>',eacy,re.S)[0])
     fuheti_last = re.sub(r'\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0','\n',fuheti_last)
     if fuheti_last not in choose:
      p = document.add_paragraph()
      run = p.add_run(fuheti_last)
      run.font.size = Pt(14)
      run.font.name=u'宋體'
      r = run._element
      r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
      headers ={
     'Use-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.122 Safari/537.36'
       }
      for eacu in fuheti_URL:
       img_data = requests.get(url = eacu,headers = headers).content
       img_path = dirName+'/'+'tupian'+'.jpg'
       with open(img_path,'wb') as fp:
        fp.write(img_data)
        print("保存成功")
       document.add_picture(img_path, width=Inches(5))
      choose.append(fuheti_last)
  except:
   pass
  
  ###導(dǎo)入單選題題目
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run(str(count+1)+"、"+timuleixing[count]+find5[count][3:])
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  url = imgx[count][0]
  headers ={
   'Use-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.122 Safari/537.36'
  }
  try:
   img_data = requests.get(url = url,headers = headers).content
   img_path = dirName+'/'+'tupian'+'.jpg'
   with open(img_path,'wb') as fp:
    fp.write(img_data)
    print("保存成功")
   document.add_picture(img_path, width=Inches(5))
   count+=1
  except:
   count+=1
   
  ###導(dǎo)入選項(xiàng)
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run(axuanxiang[count-1])
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run(bxuanxiang[count-1])
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run(cxuanxiang[count-1])
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run(dxuanxiang[count-1])
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run("\n")
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  
 else:
  count+=1

###美化界面
p = document.add_paragraph()
run = p.add_run("\n\n\n\n\n")
run.font.size = Pt(14)
run.font.name=u'宋體'
r = run._element
r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')

###美化解析
counting = 0
jiexilast2 = []
for ok in jiexilast:
 jiexilast2.append(re.sub(r'\n\t\t','：',ok))
for every in correct:
 if every != yours[counting]:
  ###導(dǎo)入解析和答案
  p = document.add_paragraph()
  run = p.add_run(str(counting+1)+"、"+"正確答案為："+correct[counting]+"\n"+jiexilast2[counting])
  run.font.size = Pt(14)
  run.font.name=u'宋體'
  r = run._element
  r.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'),u'宋體')
  url = imgt[counting][0]
  headers ={
   'Use-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.122 Safari/537.36'
  }
  try:
   img_data = requests.get(url = url,headers = headers).content
   img_path = dirName+'/'+'tupian'+'.jpg'
   with open(img_path,'wb') as fp:
    fp.write(img_data)
    print("保存成功")
   document.add_picture(img_path, width=Inches(5))
   print("寫入成功")
   counting+=1
  except:
   counting+=1
 else:
  counting+=1
###保存文檔
document.save(v[0][5:-3]+'.docx')
print(v[0][5:-3]+'保存成功！')

總結(jié)

粉筆和華圖錯(cuò)題爬蟲主要區(qū)別是華圖獲取數(shù)據(jù)簡(jiǎn)單，解析操作繁瑣；粉筆的數(shù)據(jù)隱秘，解析起來可以用json，比較方便。

到此這篇關(guān)于Python爬蟲自動(dòng)化獲取華圖和粉筆網(wǎng)站的錯(cuò)題的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Python爬蟲獲取網(wǎng)站錯(cuò)題內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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