c# 獲取機器唯一識別碼的示例

更新時間：2021年03月11日 09:28:01 作者：leestar54

這篇文章主要介紹了c# 獲取機器唯一識別碼的示例，幫助大家更好的理解和學習使用c#，感興趣的朋友可以了解下

前言

在客戶端認證的過程中，我們總要獲取客戶機的唯一識別信息，曾經(jīng)以為MAC地址是不會變的，但是現(xiàn)在各種改，特別是使用無線上網(wǎng)卡，MAC地址插一次變一次，所以這樣使用MAC就沒有什么意義了，怎么辦，又開始求助Google，最后找到一個折中的方案

原理

通過獲取主板、處理器、BIOS、mac、顯卡、硬盤等的ID生成唯一識別碼

建議

1、使用那些不經(jīng)常更換的模塊來生成識別碼。

2、如果經(jīng)常更換MAC，顯卡，硬盤，則不要使用這些ID。

3、確保使用static變量在整個應用來保存唯一識別碼。

實現(xiàn)

注意引用System.Management

using System;
using System.Management;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
namespace Security
{
 /// <summary>
 /// Generates a 16 byte Unique Identification code of a computer
 /// Example: 4876-8DB5-EE85-69D3-FE52-8CF7-395D-2EA9
 /// </summary>
 public class FingerPrint 
 {
 private static string fingerPrint = string.Empty;
 public static string Value()
 {
  if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fingerPrint))
  {
  fingerPrint = GetHash("CPU >> " + cpuId() + "\nBIOS >> " + 
  biosId() + "\nBASE >> " + baseId()
    //+"\nDISK >> "+ diskId() + "\nVIDEO >> " + 
  videoId() +"\nMAC >> "+ macId()
     );
  }
  return fingerPrint;
 }
 private static string GetHash(string s)
 {
  MD5 sec = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
  ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();
  byte[] bt = enc.GetBytes(s);
  return GetHexString(sec.ComputeHash(bt));
 }
 private static string GetHexString(byte[] bt)
 {
  string s = string.Empty;
  for (int i = 0; i < bt.Length; i++)
  {
  byte b = bt[i];
  int n, n1, n2;
  n = (int)b;
  n1 = n & 15;
  n2 = (n >> 4) & 15;
  if (n2 > 9)
   s += ((char)(n2 - 10 + (int)'A')).ToString();
  else
   s += n2.ToString();
  if (n1 > 9)
   s += ((char)(n1 - 10 + (int)'A')).ToString();
  else
   s += n1.ToString();
  if ((i + 1) != bt.Length && (i + 1) % 2 == 0) s += "-";
  }
  return s;
 }
 #region Original Device ID Getting Code
 //Return a hardware identifier
 private static string identifier
 (string wmiClass, string wmiProperty, string wmiMustBeTrue)
 {
  string result = "";
  System.Management.ManagementClass mc = 
 new System.Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass);
  System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
  foreach (System.Management.ManagementObject mo in moc)
  {
  if (mo[wmiMustBeTrue].ToString() == "True")
  {
   //Only get the first one
   if (result == "")
   {
   try
   {
    result = mo[wmiProperty].ToString();
    break;
   }
   catch
   {
   }
   }
  }
  }
  return result;
 }
 //Return a hardware identifier
 private static string identifier(string wmiClass, string wmiProperty)
 {
  string result = "";
  System.Management.ManagementClass mc = 
 new System.Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass);
  System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
  foreach (System.Management.ManagementObject mo in moc)
  {
  //Only get the first one
  if (result == "")
  {
   try
   {
   result = mo[wmiProperty].ToString();
   break;
   }
   catch
   {
   }
  }
  }
  return result;
 }
 private static string cpuId()
 {
  //Uses first CPU identifier available in order of preference
  //Don't get all identifiers, as it is very time consuming
  string retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "UniqueId");
  if (retVal == "") //If no UniqueID, use ProcessorID
  {
  retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "ProcessorId");
  if (retVal == "") //If no ProcessorId, use Name
  {
   retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "Name");
   if (retVal == "") //If no Name, use Manufacturer
   {
   retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "Manufacturer");
   }
   //Add clock speed for extra security
   retVal += identifier("Win32_Processor", "MaxClockSpeed");
  }
  }
  return retVal;
 }
 //BIOS Identifier
 private static string biosId()
 {
  return identifier("Win32_BIOS", "Manufacturer")
  + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "SMBIOSBIOSVersion")
  + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "IdentificationCode")
  + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "SerialNumber")
  + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "ReleaseDate")
  + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "Version");
 }
 //Main physical hard drive ID
 private static string diskId()
 {
  return identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Model")
  + identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Manufacturer")
  + identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Signature")
  + identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "TotalHeads");
 }
 //Motherboard ID
 private static string baseId()
 {
  return identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Model")
  + identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Manufacturer")
  + identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Name")
  + identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "SerialNumber");
 }
 //Primary video controller ID
 private static string videoId()
 {
  return identifier("Win32_VideoController", "DriverVersion")
  + identifier("Win32_VideoController", "Name");
 }
 //First enabled network card ID
 private static string macId()
 {
  return identifier("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration", 
  "MACAddress", "IPEnabled");
 }
 #endregion
 }
}

補充

現(xiàn)在遇到一些平板等簡陋的機型，竟然獲取到的所有設備標識都一樣（除了mac），最后只好在本地再生成一個軟件自身的標識，然后每次在計算標識的時候附帶上，這樣不會再重復了吧。

代碼如下:

private static string localkey()
 {
  string path=Environment.CurrentDirectory + "client.key";
  if (File.Exists(path))
  {
  StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path);
  string key= sr.ReadLine();
  sr.Close();
  return key;
  }
  else
  {
  StreamWriter sw = File.CreateText(path);
  string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
  sw.WriteLine(key);
  sw.Close();
  return key;
  }
 }

可以再把該文件設為隱藏等手段，防止用戶誤操作。

補充2

文件容易被誤刪，還可以寫入注冊表，除非系統(tǒng)重裝，但是需要以管理員權(quán)限運行

class RegistryHelper
 {
 const string _uriDeviecId = "SOFTWARE\\YourCompany\\YouApp";
 public static string GetDeviceId()
 {
  string ret = string.Empty;
  using (var obj = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(_uriDeviecId, false))
  {
  if (obj != null)
  {
   var value = obj.GetValue("DeviceId");
   if (value != null)
   ret = Convert.ToString(value);
  }
  }
  return ret;
 }

 public static void SetDeviceId()
 {
  using (MD5 md5Hash = MD5.Create())
  {
  byte[] data = md5Hash.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(DateTime.Now.ToString()));
  StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
  for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
  {
   sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));
  }

  string id = sBuilder.ToString();
  using (var tempk = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(_uriDeviecId))
  {
   tempk.SetValue("DeviceId", id);
  }
  }
 }
 }

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