如何獲取numpy array前N個最大值

更新時間：2021年05月14日 11:41:27 作者：upDiff

這篇文章主要介紹了獲取numpy array前N個最大值的操作，具有很好的參考價值，希望對大家有所幫助。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方，望不吝賜教

主要應用了argsort()函數(shù)，函數(shù)原型：

numpy.argsort(a, axis=-1, kind='quicksort', order=None)
'''
Returns the indices that would sort an array.
Perform an indirect sort along the given axis using the algorithm specified by the kind keyword. It returns an array of indices of the same shape as a that index data along the given axis in sorted order.
'''
Parameters: 
a : array_like
Array to sort.
 
axis : int or None, optional
Axis along which to sort. The default is -1 (the last axis). If None, the flattened array is used.
 
kind : {‘quicksort', ‘mergesort', ‘heapsort', ‘stable'}, optional
Sorting algorithm.
 
order : str or list of str, optional
When a is an array with fields defined, this argument specifies which fields to compare first, second, etc. A single field can be specified as a string, and not all fields need be specified, but unspecified fields will still be used, in the order in which they come up in the dtype, to break ties.
 
Returns: 
index_array : ndarray, int
Array of indices that sort a along the specified axis. If a is one-dimensional, a[index_array] yields a sorted a. More generally, np.take_along_axis(a, index_array, axis=a) always yields the sorted a, irrespective of dimensionality.

示例：

import numpy as np
top_k=3
arr = np.array([1, 3, 2, 4, 5])
top_k_idx=arr.argsort()[::-1][0:top_k]
print(top_k_idx)
#[4 3 1]

補充：python topN / topK 取最大的N個數(shù) 或最小的N個數(shù)

import numpy as np
a = np.array([1,4,3,5,2])
b = np.argsort(a)
print(b)

print結果[0 4 2 1 3]

說明a[0]最小，a[3]最大

a[0]<a[4]<a[2]<a[1]<a[3]

補充：利用Python獲取數(shù)組或列表中最大的N個數(shù)及其索引

看代碼吧~

import heapq
 
a=[43,5,65,4,5,8,87]
re1 = heapq.nlargest(3, a) #求最大的三個元素，并排序
re2 = map(a.index, heapq.nlargest(3, a)) #求最大的三個索引    nsmallest與nlargest相反，求最小
print(re1)
print(list(re2)) #因為re2由map()生成的不是list，直接print不出來，添加list()就行了

結果：