Flutter驗(yàn)證碼輸入框的2種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)

更新時(shí)間：2021年12月24日 16:11:51 作者：堅(jiān)果前端の博客

本文主要介紹了Flutter驗(yàn)證碼輸入框的2種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價(jià)值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

重點(diǎn)是什么？

真實(shí)世界的完美的驗(yàn)證碼輸入框或 PIN 輸入 UI 通常滿足以下最低要求：

有4個(gè)或6個(gè)文本域，每個(gè)文本域只能接受1個(gè)字符（通常是一個(gè)數(shù)字）
輸入數(shù)字后自動(dòng)聚焦下一個(gè)字段

您經(jīng)常在需要電話號(hào)碼確認(rèn)、電子郵件或雙因素身份驗(yàn)證的應(yīng)用程序中看到此功能。

從頭開始制作 OTP 字段

應(yīng)用預(yù)覽

此示例創(chuàng)建一個(gè)簡單的 OTP 屏幕。首先，聚焦第一個(gè)輸入字段。當(dāng)您輸入一個(gè)數(shù)字時(shí)，光標(biāo)將自動(dòng)移動(dòng)到下一個(gè)字段。當(dāng)按下提交按鈕時(shí)，您輸入的 OTP 代碼將顯示在屏幕上。

以下是它的工作原理：

測試此應(yīng)用程序時(shí)，您應(yīng)該使用模擬器的軟鍵盤而不是計(jì)算機(jī)的硬件鍵盤。

代碼

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為OtpInput的可重用小部件：

// Create an input widget that takes only one digit
class OtpInput extends StatelessWidget {
  final TextEditingController controller;
  final bool autoFocus;
  const OtpInput(this.controller, this.autoFocus, {Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return SizedBox(
      height: 60,
      width: 50,
      child: TextField(
        autofocus: autoFocus,
        textAlign: TextAlign.center,
        keyboardType: TextInputType.number,
        controller: controller,
        maxLength: 1,
        cursorColor: Theme.of(context).primaryColor,
        decoration: const InputDecoration(
            border: OutlineInputBorder(),
            counterText: '',
            hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 20.0)),
        onChanged: (value) {
          if (value.length == 1) {
            FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus();
          }
        },
      ),
    );
  }
}

main.dart 中的完整源代碼和解釋（我將OtpInput類放在文件底部）：

import 'dart:math' as math;

import 'package:flutter/cupertino.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:async/async.dart';
import 'package:flutter/scheduler.dart';
import 'package:url_strategy/url_strategy.dart';

void main() {
  setPathUrlStrategy();
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      // Hide the debug banner
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
      title: '堅(jiān)果',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.indigo,
      ),
      home: const HomeScreen(),
    );
  }
}

class HomeScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const HomeScreen({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  State<HomeScreen> createState() => _HomeScreenState();
}

class _HomeScreenState extends State<HomeScreen> {
  String _imageUrl =
      'https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/image-20211124085239175.png';
  double _fontSize = 20;
  String _title = "堅(jiān)果公眾號(hào)";
  // 4 text editing controllers that associate with the 4 input fields
  final TextEditingController _fieldOne = TextEditingController();
  final TextEditingController _fieldTwo = TextEditingController();
  final TextEditingController _fieldThree = TextEditingController();
  final TextEditingController _fieldFour = TextEditingController();

  // This is the entered code
  // It will be displayed in a Text widget
  String? _otp;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(_title),
      ),
      body: Column(
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
        children: [
          const Text('請輸入驗(yàn)證碼'),
          const SizedBox(
            height: 30,
          ),
          // Implement 4 input fields
          Row(
            mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
            children: [
              OtpInput(_fieldOne, true),
              OtpInput(_fieldTwo, false),
              OtpInput(_fieldThree, false),
              OtpInput(_fieldFour, false)
            ],
          ),
          const SizedBox(
            height: 30,
          ),
          ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () {
                setState(() {
                  _otp = _fieldOne.text +
                      _fieldTwo.text +
                      _fieldThree.text +
                      _fieldFour.text;
                });
              },
              child: const Text('提交')),
          const SizedBox(
            height: 30,
          ),
          // Display the entered OTP code
          Text(
            _otp ?? '驗(yàn)證碼',
            style: const TextStyle(fontSize: 30),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

// Create an input widget that takes only one digit
class OtpInput extends StatelessWidget {
  final TextEditingController controller;
  final bool autoFocus;
  const OtpInput(this.controller, this.autoFocus, {Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return SizedBox(
      height: 60,
      width: 50,
      child: TextField(
        autofocus: autoFocus,
        textAlign: TextAlign.center,
        keyboardType: TextInputType.number,
        controller: controller,
        maxLength: 1,
        cursorColor: Theme.of(context).primaryColor,
        decoration: const InputDecoration(
            border: OutlineInputBorder(),
            counterText: '',
            hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 20.0)),
        onChanged: (value) {
          if (value.length == 1) {
            FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus();
          }
        },
      ),
    );
  }
}

使用第三個(gè)包

為了僅用幾行代碼快速實(shí)現(xiàn)您的目標(biāo)，您可以使用第三方插件。在我們的例子中一些好的是pin_code_fields，otp_text_field等。下面的例子將使用pin_code_fileds，它提供了很多很棒的功能：

自動(dòng)將下一個(gè)字段集中在打字上，將上一個(gè)字段集中在委派上
可以設(shè)置為任意長度
高度可定制
輸入文本的 3 種不同類型的動(dòng)畫
動(dòng)畫活動(dòng)、非活動(dòng)、選定和禁用字段顏色切換
自動(dòng)對焦選項(xiàng)
從剪貼板粘貼 OTP 代碼

您還可以在終端窗口中看到您輸入的字符：

代碼

1.安裝插件：

flutter pub add pin_code_fields

2.最終代碼：

import 'dart:math' as math;

import 'package:flutter/cupertino.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:async/async.dart';
import 'package:pin_code_fields/pin_code_fields.dart';
import 'package:url_strategy/url_strategy.dart';

void main() {
  setPathUrlStrategy();
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      // Hide the debug banner
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
      title: '堅(jiān)果',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.indigo,
      ),
      home: const HomeScreen(),
    );
  }
}

class HomeScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const HomeScreen({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  State<HomeScreen> createState() => _HomeScreenState();
}

class _HomeScreenState extends State<HomeScreen> {
  String _imageUrl =
      'https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/image-20211124085239175.png';
  double _fontSize = 20;
  String _title = "堅(jiān)果公眾號(hào)";
  // 4 text editing controllers that associate with the 4 input fields
  TextEditingController textEditingController = TextEditingController();
  String currentText = "";

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(_title),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(30),
        child: Center(
          child: PinCodeTextField(
            length: 6,
            obscureText: false,
            animationType: AnimationType.fade,
            pinTheme: PinTheme(
              shape: PinCodeFieldShape.box,
              borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(5),
              fieldHeight: 50,
              fieldWidth: 40,
              activeFillColor: Colors.white,
            ),
            animationDuration: const Duration(milliseconds: 300),
            backgroundColor: Colors.blue.shade50,
            enableActiveFill: true,
            controller: textEditingController,
            onCompleted: (v) {
              debugPrint("Completed");
            },
            onChanged: (value) {
              debugPrint(value);
              setState(() {
                currentText = value;
              });
            },
            beforeTextPaste: (text) {
              return true;
            },
            appContext: context,
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}