#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

namespace s {
	//stack是一個(gè)Container適配(封裝轉(zhuǎn)換)出來(lái)的
	template<class T,class Container = std::deque<T>>
	class stack {
	public:
		stack() {

		}

		void pop()
		{
			_con.pop_back();
		}

		void push(const T& x)
		{
			_con.push_back(x);
		}

		const T& top()
		{
			return _con.back();
		}

		size_t size()
		{
			return _con.size();
		}

		bool empty()
		{
			return _con.empty();
		}

	private:
		Container _con;
	};

	void test_stack1()
	{
		s::stack<int,vector<int>> st;
		//s::stack<int, list<int>> st;
		//s::stack<int> st;
		st.push(1);
		st.push(2);
		st.push(3);
		st.push(4);

		while (!st.empty())
		{
			cout << st.top();
			st.pop();
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
}

class MinStack {
public:
    MinStack() {

    }
    
    void push(int val) {
        _st.push(val);
        if(_minst.empty() || val<=_minst.top())
        {
            _minst.push(val);
        }
    }
    
    void pop() {
        if(_st.top()==_minst.top())
        {
            _minst.pop();
        }
        _st.pop();
    }
    
    int top() {
        return _st.top();
    }
    
    int getMin() {
        return _minst.top();
    }

    stack<int> _st;
    stack<int> _minst;
};

class Solution {
public:
    bool IsPopOrder(vector<int> pushV,vector<int> popV) {
        if(pushV.size()==0)
            return true;
        stack<int> st;
        int pushi=0,popi=0;
        while(pushi<pushV.size()){
            st.push(pushV[pushi]);
            //如果pushV[pushi]和popV[popi]匹配上了
            while(!st.empty() && st.top()==popV[popi]){
                st.pop();
                ++popi;
            }
            ++pushi;
        }
        if(st.empty())
            return true;
        return false;
    }
};

class Solution {
public:
    int evalRPN(vector<string>& tokens) {
        stack<int> st;
        int left=0,right=0;
        for(const auto& str:tokens)
        {
            if(str=="+" ||str=="-"||str=="*"||str=="/")
            {
                right=st.top();
                st.pop();
                left=st.top();
                st.pop();
                switch(str[0])
                {
                case '+':
                    st.push(left+right);
                    break;
                case '-':
                    st.push(left-right);
                    break;
                case '*':
                    st.push(left*right);
                    break;
                case '/':
                    st.push(left/right);
                    break;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                st.push(stoi(str));
            }
        }
        return st.top();
    }
};

#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

namespace q {

	template<class T,class Container=std::deque<T>>
	class queue {
	public:
		queue() {

		}

		void pop()
		{
			_con.pop_front();
		}

		void push(const T& x)
		{
			_con.push_back(x);
		}

		const T& back()
		{
			return _con.back();
		}

		const T& front()
		{
			return _con.front();
		}

		size_t size()
		{
			return _con.size();
		}

		bool empty()
		{
			return _con.empty();
		}
	private:
		Container _con;
	};

	void test_queue1()
	{
		//q::queue<int,list<int>> q1;
		//q::queue<int, vector<int>> q1;//vector頭刪效率低，不適配，報(bào)錯(cuò)

		q::queue<int> q1;
		q1.push(1);
		q1.push(2);
		q1.push(3);
		q1.push(4);

		while (!q1.empty())
		{
			cout << q1.front();
			q1.pop();
		}
		cout << endl;

	}
}

class Solution {
public:
    int findKthLargest(vector<int>& nums, int k) {
        priority_queue<int> pq(nums.begin(),nums.end());
        //默認(rèn)大堆，取出前k-1個(gè)元素后的第k個(gè)堆頂元素就是第k大的元素
        while(--k)
        {
            pq.pop();
        }
        
        return pq.top();
    }
};

#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

namespace priority
{
	template<class T>
	class Less
	{
	public:
		bool operator()(const T& x, const T& y)
		{
			return x < y;
		}
	};

	template<class T>
	class Greater
	{
	public:
		bool operator()(const T& x, const T& y)
		{
			return x > y;
		}
	};

	//模板參數(shù)--類型
	//函數(shù)參數(shù)--對(duì)象

	//less 大堆
	template<class T,class Container=::vector<T>,class Compare=Less<typename Container::value_type>>
	class priority_queue
	{
	public:
		priority_queue()
		{}

		template<class InputIterator>
		priority_queue(InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
		{
			//插入數(shù)據(jù)
			while (first != last)
			{
				_con.push_back(*first);
				++first;
			}
			//建堆
			for (int i = (_con.size() - 1 - 1) / 2;i >= 0;i--)
			{
				AdjustDown(i);
			}
		}

		void AdjustDown(size_t parent)
		{
			Compare com;
			int child = parent * 2+1;
			while (child <_con.size())
			{
				if (child + 1 < _con.size() && com(_con[child] , _con[child + 1]))
				{
					child++;
				}
				//_con[parent] < _con[child]
				if (com(_con[parent] , _con[child]))
				{
					swap(_con[child], _con[parent]);
					parent = child;
					child = parent * 2 + 1;
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		void AdjustUp(size_t child)
		{
			Compare com;
			int parent = (child - 1) / 2;
			while (child > 0)
			{
				if (com(_con[parent] , _con[child]))
				{
					swap(_con[parent], _con[child]);
					child = parent;
					parent = (child - 1) / 2;
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		void push(const T& x)
		{
			_con.push_back(x);
			AdjustUp(_con.size() - 1);
		}

		void pop()
		{
			swap(_con[0], _con[_con.size() - 1]);
			_con.pop_back();
			AdjustDown(0);
		}

		const T& top() const
		{
			return _con[0];
		}

		size_t size()
		{
			return _con.size();
		}

		bool empty()
		{
			return _con.empty();
		}

	private:
		Container _con;
	};

	void test_priority_queue()
	{
		list<int> lt = { 1,2,3,4,5, };
		priority_queue<int, vector<int>, Greater<int>> pq(lt.begin(), lt.end());

		pq.push(10);
		pq.push(20);
		pq.push(30);
		pq.push(40);
		pq.push(50);
		pq.push(60);

		cout << pq.top() << endl;
		while (!pq.empty())
		{
			cout << pq.top() << " ";
			pq.pop();
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
}

//仿函數(shù)的變異玩法--通過(guò)仿函數(shù)控制比較方式
class Date
{
public:
	Date(int year=1900,int month=1,int day=1)
		:_year(year)
		,_month(month)
		,_day(day)
	{}

	bool operator < (const Date& d) const
	{
		return (_year < d._year) ||
			(_year == d._year && _month < d._month) ||
			(_year == d._year && _month == d._month && _day < d._day);
	}

	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Date& d);
	friend class PDateLess;

private:
	int _year;
	int _month;
	int _day;
};

ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Date& d)
{
	_cout << d._year << "-" << d._month << "-" << d._day << endl;
	return _cout;
}

class PDateLess
{
public:
	bool operator()(const Date* p1, const Date* p2)
	{
		return *p1 < *p2;
	}
};

int main()
{
	priority_queue<Date*, vector<Date*>, PDateLess> pq;
	pq.push(new Date(2023, 11, 24));
	pq.push(new Date(2021, 10, 24));
	pq.push(new Date(2023, 11, 14));
	pq.push(new Date(2022, 1, 24));

	cout << (*pq.top()) << endl;
	pq.pop();

	return 0;

}