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Java?獲取本機(jī)IP地址的實(shí)例代碼

更新時(shí)間：2022年05月01日 08:20:02 作者：dingwen_blog

這篇文章主要介紹了Java?獲取本機(jī)IP地址,本文通過(guò)實(shí)例代碼給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì)，需要的朋友可以參考下

前言

在Java中如何準(zhǔn)確的獲取到本機(jī)IP地址呢？網(wǎng)上大部分的做法是InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress()。這的確能獲取到本機(jī)IP地址，但是是不準(zhǔn)確的。因?yàn)楹雎粤艘粋€(gè)問(wèn)題，網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境是多變的，一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)不同的網(wǎng)卡有多個(gè)IP地址，Lan、WiFi、藍(lán)牙、熱點(diǎn)、虛擬機(jī)網(wǎng)卡等。

一、規(guī)則

127.xxx.xxx.xxx 屬于 “loopback” 地址，即只能你自己的本機(jī)可見(jiàn)，就是本機(jī)地址，比較常見(jiàn)的有 127.0.0.1
192.168.xxx.xxx 屬于 private 私有地址 (site local address)，屬于本地組織內(nèi)部訪問(wèn)，只能在本地局域網(wǎng)可見(jiàn)
同樣 10.xxx.xxx.xxx、從 172.16.xxx.xxx 到172.31.xxx.xxx 都是私有地址，也是屬于組織內(nèi)部訪問(wèn)
169.254.xxx.xxx 屬于連接本地地址（link local IP），在單獨(dú)網(wǎng)段可用
從 224.xxx.xxx.xxx 到 239.xxx.xxx.xxx 屬于組播地址
比較特殊的 255.255.255.255 屬于廣播地址
除此之外的地址就是點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)的可用的公開(kāi) IPv4 地址

二、獲取

1.使用

 public static void main(String[] args) throws SocketException {
        System.out.println( IpUtil.getLocalIp4Address().get().toString().replaceAll("/",""));
    }

2.工具類(lèi)

package com.dingwen.test.utils;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
/**
 * 獲取本機(jī)IP 地址
 *
 * @author dingwen
 * 2021.04.28 11:49
 */
public class IpUtil {
    /*
     * 獲取本機(jī)所有網(wǎng)卡信息   得到所有IP信息
     * @return Inet4Address>
     */
    public static List<Inet4Address> getLocalIp4AddressFromNetworkInterface() throws SocketException {
        List<Inet4Address> addresses = new ArrayList<>(1);
        // 所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口信息
        Enumeration<NetworkInterface> networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
        if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(networkInterfaces)) {
            return addresses;
        }
        while (networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
            NetworkInterface networkInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement();
            //濾回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡、點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)卡、非活動(dòng)網(wǎng)卡、虛擬網(wǎng)卡并要求網(wǎng)卡名字是eth或ens開(kāi)頭
            if (!isValidInterface(networkInterface)) {
                continue;
            }
            // 所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的IP地址信息
            Enumeration<InetAddress> inetAddresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses();
            while (inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()) {
                InetAddress inetAddress = inetAddresses.nextElement();
                // 判斷是否是IPv4，并且內(nèi)網(wǎng)地址并過(guò)濾回環(huán)地址.
                if (isValidAddress(inetAddress)) {
                    addresses.add((Inet4Address) inetAddress);
                }
            }
        }
        return addresses;
    }
    /**
     * 過(guò)濾回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡、點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)卡、非活動(dòng)網(wǎng)卡、虛擬網(wǎng)卡并要求網(wǎng)卡名字是eth或ens開(kāi)頭
     *
     * @param ni 網(wǎng)卡
     * @return 如果滿(mǎn)足要求則true，否則false
     */
    private static boolean isValidInterface(NetworkInterface ni) throws SocketException {
        return !ni.isLoopback() && !ni.isPointToPoint() && ni.isUp() && !ni.isVirtual()
                && (ni.getName().startsWith("eth") || ni.getName().startsWith("ens"));
    }
    /**
     * 判斷是否是IPv4，并且內(nèi)網(wǎng)地址并過(guò)濾回環(huán)地址.
     */
    private static boolean isValidAddress(InetAddress address) {
        return address instanceof Inet4Address && address.isSiteLocalAddress() && !address.isLoopbackAddress();
    }
    /*
     * 通過(guò)Socket 唯一確定一個(gè)IP
     * 當(dāng)有多個(gè)網(wǎng)卡的時(shí)候，使用這種方式一般都可以得到想要的IP。甚至不要求外網(wǎng)地址8.8.8.8是可連通的
     * @return Inet4Address>
     */
    private static Optional<Inet4Address> getIpBySocket() throws SocketException {
        try (final DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket()) {
            socket.connect(InetAddress.getByName("8.8.8.8"), 10002);
            if (socket.getLocalAddress() instanceof Inet4Address) {
                return Optional.of((Inet4Address) socket.getLocalAddress());
            }
        } catch (UnknownHostException networkInterfaces) {
            throw new RuntimeException(networkInterfaces);
        }
        return Optional.empty();
    }
    /*
     * 獲取本地IPv4地址
     * @return Inet4Address>
     */
    public static Optional<Inet4Address> getLocalIp4Address() throws SocketException {
        final List<Inet4Address> inet4Addresses = getLocalIp4AddressFromNetworkInterface();
        if (inet4Addresses.size() != 1) {
            final Optional<Inet4Address> ipBySocketOpt = getIpBySocket();
            if (ipBySocketOpt.isPresent()) {
                return ipBySocketOpt;
            } else {
                return inet4Addresses.isEmpty() ? Optional.empty() : Optional.of(inet4Addresses.get(0));
            }
        }
        return Optional.of(inet4Addresses.get(0));
    }
}

參考：

https://www.jianshu.com/p/f619663f0f0a

https://www.cnblogs.com/starcrm/p/7071227.html

下面在分享一段Java獲取本機(jī)IP地址的示例代碼

import java.net.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Optional;
/**
 * 獲取本機(jī)IP 地址
 */
public class IpUtil {
    /*
     * 獲取本機(jī)所有網(wǎng)卡信息   得到所有IP信息
     * @return Inet4Address>
     */
    public static List<Inet4Address> getLocalIp4AddressFromNetworkInterface() throws SocketException {
        List<Inet4Address> addresses = new ArrayList<>(1);
        // 所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口信息
        Enumeration<NetworkInterface> networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
        if (Objects.isNull(networkInterfaces)) {
            return addresses;
        }
        while (networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
            NetworkInterface networkInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement();
            //濾回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡、點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)卡、非活動(dòng)網(wǎng)卡、虛擬網(wǎng)卡并要求網(wǎng)卡名字是eth或ens開(kāi)頭
            if (!isValidInterface(networkInterface)) {
                continue;
            }
            // 所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的IP地址信息
            Enumeration<InetAddress> inetAddresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses();
            while (inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()) {
                InetAddress inetAddress = inetAddresses.nextElement();
                // 判斷是否是IPv4，并且內(nèi)網(wǎng)地址并過(guò)濾回環(huán)地址.
                if (isValidAddress(inetAddress)) {
                    addresses.add((Inet4Address) inetAddress);
                }
            }
        }
        return addresses;
    }
    /**
     * 過(guò)濾回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡、點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)卡、非活動(dòng)網(wǎng)卡、虛擬網(wǎng)卡并要求網(wǎng)卡名字是eth或ens開(kāi)頭
     *
     * @param ni 網(wǎng)卡
     * @return 如果滿(mǎn)足要求則true，否則false
     */
    private static boolean isValidInterface(NetworkInterface ni) throws SocketException {
        return !ni.isLoopback() && !ni.isPointToPoint() && ni.isUp() && !ni.isVirtual()
                && (ni.getName().startsWith("eth") || ni.getName().startsWith("ens"));
    }
    /**
     * 判斷是否是IPv4，并且內(nèi)網(wǎng)地址并過(guò)濾回環(huán)地址.
     */
    private static boolean isValidAddress(InetAddress address) {
        return address instanceof Inet4Address && address.isSiteLocalAddress() && !address.isLoopbackAddress();
    }
    /*
     * 通過(guò)Socket 唯一確定一個(gè)IP
     * 當(dāng)有多個(gè)網(wǎng)卡的時(shí)候，使用這種方式一般都可以得到想要的IP。甚至不要求外網(wǎng)地址8.8.8.8是可連通的
     * @return Inet4Address>
     */
    private static Optional<Inet4Address> getIpBySocket() throws SocketException {
        try (final DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket()) {
            socket.connect(InetAddress.getByName("8.8.8.8"), 10002);
            if (socket.getLocalAddress() instanceof Inet4Address) {
                return Optional.of((Inet4Address) socket.getLocalAddress());
            }
        } catch (UnknownHostException networkInterfaces) {
            throw new RuntimeException(networkInterfaces);
        }
        return Optional.empty();
    }
    /*
     * 獲取本地IPv4地址
     * @return Inet4Address>
     */
    public static Optional<Inet4Address> getLocalIp4Address() throws SocketException {
        final List<Inet4Address> inet4Addresses = getLocalIp4AddressFromNetworkInterface();
        if (inet4Addresses.size() != 1) {
            final Optional<Inet4Address> ipBySocketOpt = getIpBySocket();
            if (ipBySocketOpt.isPresent()) {
                return ipBySocketOpt;
            } else {
                return inet4Addresses.isEmpty() ? Optional.empty() : Optional.of(inet4Addresses.get(0));
            }
        }
        return Optional.of(inet4Addresses.get(0));
    }
}

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