C++全面細致講解復(fù)數(shù)類

更新時間：2022年06月01日 10:01:08 作者：清風(fēng)自在流水潺潺

本文章向大家介紹C++ 標準庫中的復(fù)數(shù)類，主要包括C++ 標準庫中的復(fù)數(shù)類使用實例、應(yīng)用技巧、基本知識點總結(jié)和需要注意事項，具有一定的參考價值，需要的朋友可以參考一下

一、復(fù)數(shù)類應(yīng)該具有的操作

運算：+，- ，*，/
比較：== ，! =
賦值：=
求模：modulus

二、利用操作符重載

統(tǒng)一復(fù)數(shù)與實數(shù)的運算方式

統(tǒng)—復(fù)數(shù)與實數(shù)的比較方式

下面來看一下復(fù)數(shù)類的實現(xiàn)：

Complex.h：

#ifndef _COMPLEX_H_
#define _COMPLEX_H_
class Complex
{
    double a;
    double b;
public:
    Complex(double a = 0, double b = 0);
    double getA();
    double getB();
    double getModulus();
    Complex operator + (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator - (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator * (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator / (const Complex& c);
    bool operator == (const Complex& c);
    bool operator != (const Complex& c);
    Complex& operator = (const Complex& c);
};
#endif

Complex.cpp：

#include "Complex.h"
#include "math.h"
Complex::Complex(double a, double b)
{
    this->a = a;
    this->b = b;
}
double Complex::getA()
{
    return a;
}
double Complex::getB()
{
    return b;
}
double Complex::getModulus()
{
    return sqrt(a * a + b * b);
}
Complex Complex::operator + (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a + c.a;
    double nb = b + c.b;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    return ret;
}
Complex Complex::operator - (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a - c.a;
    double nb = b - c.b;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    return ret;
}
Complex Complex::operator * (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a * c.a - b * c.b;
    double nb = a * c.b + b * c.a;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    return ret;
}
Complex Complex::operator / (const Complex& c)
{
    double cm = c.a * c.a + c.b * c.b;
    double na = (a * c.a + b * c.b) / cm;
    double nb = (b * c.a - a * c.b) / cm;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    return ret;
}
bool Complex::operator == (const Complex& c)
{
    return (a == c.a) && (b == c.b);
}
bool Complex::operator != (const Complex& c)
{
    return !(*this == c);
}
Complex& Complex::operator = (const Complex& c)
{
    if( this != &c )
    {
        a = c.a;
        b = c.b;
    }
    return *this;
}

test.cpp：

#include <stdio.h>
#include "Complex.h"
int main()
{
    Complex c1(1, 2);
    Complex c2(3, 6);
    Complex c3 = c2 - c1;
    Complex c4 = c1 * c3;
    Complex c5 = c2 / c1;
    printf("c3.a = %f, c3.b = %f\n", c3.getA(), c3.getB());
    printf("c4.a = %f, c4.b = %f\n", c4.getA(), c4.getB());
    printf("c5.a = %f, c5.b = %f\n", c5.getA(), c5.getB());
    Complex c6(2, 4);
    printf("c3 == c6 : %d\n", c3 == c6);
    printf("c3 != c4 : %d\n", c3 != c4);
    (c3 = c2) = c1;
    printf("c1.a = %f, c1.b = %f\n", c1.getA(), c1.getB());
    printf("c2.a = %f, c2.b = %f\n", c2.getA(), c2.getB());
    printf("c3.a = %f, c3.b = %f\n", c3.getA(), c3.getB());
    return 0;
}

輸出結(jié)果如下：