HttpClient詳細使用示例代碼
更新時間：2022年07月20日 11:26:56 作者：怪 咖@
這篇文章主要介紹了HttpClient詳細使用示例,包括導(dǎo)入依賴，使用工具類的詳細代碼，代碼簡單易懂，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價值，需要的朋友可以參考下
1、導(dǎo)入依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.58</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
<version>4.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.4.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency>
2、使用工具類
該工具類將get請求和post請求當(dāng)中幾種傳參方式都寫了，其中有g(shù)et地址欄傳參、get的params傳參、post的params傳參、post的json傳參。
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpClientUtil {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);
private static final int DEFULT_TIMEOUT = 30 * 1000;//默認超時時間20秒
/**
* 可以訪問 http://localhost:9005/yzhwsj/addPersonal/1/2 這樣的接口
* @param url
* @param headers
* @param urlParam
* @param timeout
* @return
*/
private static String doUrlGet(String url, Map<String, String> headers, List<String> urlParam, Integer timeout) {
//創(chuàng)建httpClient對象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
String resultString = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
//創(chuàng)建uri
if (urlParam != null){
for (String param : urlParam) {
url = url + "/" + param;
}
}
//創(chuàng)建hTTP get請求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//設(shè)置超時時間
int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
if (timeout != null) {
timeoutTmp = timeout;
}
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
//設(shè)置頭信息
if (null != headers) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
httpGet.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
}
}
//執(zhí)行請求
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("http調(diào)用異常" + e.toString(), e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != response) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("response關(guān)閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != httpClient) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("httpClient關(guān)閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
}
return resultString;
}
/**
* @param url
* @param headers
* @param params
* @param timeout
* @return
*/
private static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, Object> params, Integer timeout) {
//創(chuàng)建httpClient對象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
String resultString = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 1.創(chuàng)建uri
URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
if (params != null) {
//uri添加參數(shù)
for (String key : params.keySet()) {
builder.addParameter(key, String.valueOf(params.get(key)));
}
}
URI uri = builder.build();
// 2.創(chuàng)建hTTP get請求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
// 3.設(shè)置超時時間
int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
if (timeout != null) {
timeoutTmp = timeout;
}
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 4.設(shè)置頭信息
if (null != headers) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
httpGet.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
}
}
// 5.執(zhí)行請求
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
}
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
logger.error("http調(diào)用異常" + e.toString(), e);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("http調(diào)用異常" + e.toString(), e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != response) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("response關(guān)閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != httpClient) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("httpClient關(guān)閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
}
return resultString;
}
/**
* 調(diào)用http post請求（json數(shù)據(jù)）
*
* @param url
* @param headers
* @param json
* @return
*/
public static String doJsonPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, JSONObject json, Integer timeout) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
// 1.創(chuàng)建http post請求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 2.設(shè)置超時時間
int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
if (timeout != null) {
timeoutTmp = timeout;
}
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 3.設(shè)置參數(shù)信息
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json.toString(), Consts.UTF_8);
// 發(fā)送json數(shù)據(jù)需要設(shè)置的contentType
s.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(s);
// 4.設(shè)置頭信息
if (headers != null) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
}
}
// 5.執(zhí)行http請求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
logger.error("調(diào)用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
logger.error("調(diào)用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("調(diào)用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != response) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉response異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != httpClient) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
}
return resultString;
}
/**
* 調(diào)用http post請求 基礎(chǔ)方法
*
* @param url 請求的url
* @param headers 請求頭
* @param params 參數(shù)
* @param timeout 超時時間
* @return
*/
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, Object> params, Integer timeout) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
// 1.創(chuàng)建http post請求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 2.設(shè)置超時時間
int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
if (timeout != null) {
timeoutTmp = timeout;
}
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 3.設(shè)置參數(shù)信息
if (params != null) {
List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
for (String key : params.keySet()) {
paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, String.valueOf(params.get(key))));
}
// 模擬表單
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, Consts.UTF_8);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
// 4.設(shè)置頭信息
if (headers != null) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
}
}
// 5.執(zhí)行http請求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
logger.error("調(diào)用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
logger.error("調(diào)用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("調(diào)用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != response) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉response異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != httpClient) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
}
return resultString;
}
/**
* 通過httpClient上傳文件
*
* @param url 請求的URL
* @param headers 請求頭參數(shù)
* @param path 文件路徑
* @param fileName 文件名稱
* @param timeout 超時時間
* @return
*/
public static String UploadFileByHttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> headers, String path, String fileName, Integer timeout) {
String resultString = "";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream content = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
// 1.創(chuàng)建http post請求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 2.設(shè)置超時時間
int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
if (timeout != null) {
timeoutTmp = timeout;
}
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 3.設(shè)置參數(shù)信息
// HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532參數(shù)的設(shè)定是為避免文件名為中文時亂碼
MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532);
// 上傳文件的路徑
File file = new File(path + File.separator + fileName);
builder.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
builder.addBinaryBody("file", file, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, fileName);
HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
// 4.設(shè)置頭信息
if (headers != null) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
}
}
// 5.執(zhí)行http請求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("上傳文件失敗：", e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != httpClient) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != content) {
content.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉content異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != in) {
in.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉in異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
}
return resultString;
}
}
/**
* 通過httpClient批量上傳文件
*
* @param url 請求的URL
* @param headers 請求頭參數(shù)
* @param params 參數(shù)
* @param paths 文件路徑(key文件名稱，value路徑)
* @param timeout 超時時間
* @return
*/
public static String UploadFilesByHttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> paths, Integer timeout) {
String resultString = "";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
InputStream content = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
// 1.創(chuàng)建http post請求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 2.設(shè)置超時時間
int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
if (timeout != null) {
timeoutTmp = timeout;
}
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 3.設(shè)置文件信息
// HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532參數(shù)的設(shè)定是為避免文件名為中文時亂碼
MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532);
builder.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
// 上傳文件的路徑
for (Map.Entry<String, String> m : paths.entrySet()) {
File file = new File(m.getValue() + File.separator + m.getKey());
builder.addBinaryBody("files", file, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, m.getKey());
}
// 4.設(shè)置參數(shù)信息
ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : params.entrySet()) {
builder.addTextBody(param.getKey(), param.getValue(), contentType);
}
HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
// 5.設(shè)置頭信息
if (headers != null) {
for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
}
}
// 6.執(zhí)行http請求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("上傳文件失?。?, e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != httpClient) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != content) {
content.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉content異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
try {
if (null != in) {
in.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("關(guān)閉in異常" + e.toString(), e);
}
}
return resultString;
}
3、擴展
上面的工具類，方法都攜帶了token和超時時間，假如接口用不到可以做接口拓展。例如：
/**
* 調(diào)用http get請求
*
* @param url
* @param params
* @return
*/
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {
return doGet(url, null, params, null);
}
如果涉及到put請求和delete請求，跟上面都差不多，只不過創(chuàng)建請求的時候改為:
HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete(); HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut();
到此這篇關(guān)于HttpClient詳細使用示例的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)HttpClient使用內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
相關(guān)文章
SpringCloud持久層框架MyBatis Plus的使用與原理解析
MyBatisPlus為MyBatis的增強版,專注于簡化數(shù)據(jù)庫操作,提供自動化CRUD、內(nèi)置分頁和樂觀鎖等功能,極大提升開發(fā)效率,在SpringCloud微服務(wù)架構(gòu)中,MyBatisPlus通過插件機制和自動生成代碼功能,有效支持企業(yè)級應(yīng)用和分布式系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)2024-10-10
解決springboot報錯Failed?to?parse?multipart?servlet?request
在使用SpringBoot開發(fā)時,通過Postman發(fā)送POST請求,可能會遇到因臨時目錄不存在而導(dǎo)致的MultipartException異常,這通常是因為OS系統(tǒng)（如CentOS）定期刪除/tmp目錄下的臨時文件,解決方案包括重啟項目2024-10-10
SpringBoot中使用AOP實現(xiàn)日志記錄功能
AOP的全稱是Aspect-Oriented Programming,即面向切面編程（也稱面向方面編程）,它是面向?qū)ο缶幊蹋∣OP）的一種補充,目前已成為一種比較成熟的編程方式,本文給大家介紹了SpringBoot中使用AOP實現(xiàn)日志記錄功能,需要的朋友可以參考下2024-05-05
JNI是Java Native Interface的縮寫，它提供了若干的API實現(xiàn)了Java和其他語言的通信（主要是C&C++）。接下來通過本文給大家分享jni 基礎(chǔ)知識，感興趣的朋友一起看看吧2017-10-10
所謂代碼塊是指用"{}"括起來的一段代碼，根據(jù)其位置和聲明的不同，可以分為普通代碼塊、構(gòu)造塊、靜態(tài)塊、和同步代碼塊。如果在代碼塊前加上 synchronized關(guān)鍵字，則此代碼塊就成為同步代碼塊2022-07-07
Spring中事務(wù)管理的四種方法（銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬為例）
這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于Spring中事務(wù)管理的四種方法，文中是以銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬為例，通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧2018-05-05
springboot訪問template下的html頁面的實現(xiàn)配置
這篇文章主要介紹了springboot訪問template下的html頁面的實現(xiàn)配置,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧2020-12-12
這篇文章主要介紹了springboot整合騰訊云短信開箱即用,本文給大家介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價值，需要的朋友可以參考下2021-03-03
解決java調(diào)用dll報Unable to load library錯誤的問題
這篇文章主要介紹了解決java調(diào)用dll報Unable to load library錯誤的問題。具有很好的參考價值，希望對大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧2020-11-11
這篇文章主要介紹了Springboot中的三個基本架構(gòu),具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助,如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教2024-07-07