<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

@Configuration
public class Config {
    public static String directRouting = "directRouting";
    public static String directQueue = "directQueue";
    public static String directExchange = "directExchange";
    @Bean
    public Queue DirectQueue() {
        return new Queue(Config.directQueue,true);  //true 是否持久
    }
    @Bean
    DirectExchange DirectExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(Config.directExchange);
    }
    @Bean
    Binding bindingDirect() {
//        BindingBuilder.bind(隊列A).to(交換機B).with(路由) 將隊列A綁定到交換機B，使用路由C傳遞消息
        return BindingBuilder.bind(DirectQueue()).to(DirectExchange()).with(directRouting);
    }

@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;  //使用RabbitTemplate,這提供了接收/發(fā)送等等方法
@GetMapping("/sendDirectMsg")
public String sendMsg() {
    Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
    map.put("id",UUID.randomUUID().toString());
    map.put("data","hello,i am direct msg!");
    map.put("datetime",System.currentTimeMillis());
    //交換機 路由 消息（發(fā)送消息的時候不需要管隊列，因為隊列已經(jīng)在DirectRabbitConfig中配置了，隊列應該是消費者關(guān)心的事情）
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(DirectRabbitConfig.directExchange, DirectRabbitConfig.directRouting, map);
    return "ok";
}

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "directQueue")//監(jiān)聽的隊列名稱 directQueue，不需要管路由和交換機，因為這些是生產(chǎn)者管理的事情。消費者只需要關(guān)心隊列即可
public class DirectReceiver {
    @RabbitHandler
    public void handler(Map testMessage) {
        System.out.println("directReceiver消費者收到消息  : " + testMessage.toString());
    }
}