ElasticSearch整合SpringBoot搭建配置

更新時間：2023年02月22日 16:35:14 作者：程序員皮卡秋

這篇文章主要為大家介紹了ElasticSearch整合SpringBoot搭建配置詳解，有需要的朋友可以借鑒參考下，希望能夠有所幫助，祝大家多多進步，早日升職加薪

前言

目前正在出一個Es專題系列教程, 篇幅會較多, 請持續(xù)關(guān)注腳本之家

本節(jié)來給大家講一下在Springboot中如何整合es~

本文偏實戰(zhàn)一些，為了方便演示,本節(jié)示例沿用上節(jié)索引,好了, 廢話不多說直接開整吧~

項目搭建

老規(guī)矩，先建maven項目,下面是我的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-es-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--ElasticSearch 客戶端依賴-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Hutool依賴-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.8.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--fast-json-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.58</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId> org.slf4j </groupId>
            <artifactId> slf4j-api </artifactId>
            <version> 1.6.4 </version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

這里我使用的是elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client官方客戶端,建議大家盡量用官方的，因為隨著es的不斷升級，很多api都過時了，如果你使用spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch這個要依賴社區(qū)去維護,很多新特性你沒法使用到,也會存在安全性問題。

配置客戶端

啟動類:

@SpringBootApplication
public class EsStudyApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EsStudyApplication.class, args);
    }
}

配置文件 application.yml:

server:
  port: 9000
elasticsearch:
  host: 0.0.0.0
  port: 9200
  username:
  password:

客戶端配置 config.EsClientConfig:

@Configuration
public class EsClientConfig {
    @Value("${elasticsearch.host}")
    private String host;
    @Value("${elasticsearch.port}")
    private int port;
    @Value("${elasticsearch.username}")
    private String userName;
    @Value("${elasticsearch.password}")
    private String password;
    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient() {
        final CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
        credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, new UsernamePasswordCredentials(userName, password));
        RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost( host, port, "http")).setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder -&gt; {
                    httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnTotal(500);
                    httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnPerRoute(300);
                    return httpClientBuilder.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);
                })
        );
        return restHighLevelClient;
    }
}

然后客戶端我們就配好了，客戶端的配置其實還有很多，感興趣的同學(xué)自行查閱。后續(xù)使用的時候，直接導(dǎo)入RestHighLevelClient實例就好了

接著啟動它，如果控制沒有報錯，說明配置沒啥問題了，記得要開啟es服務(wù)~

索引API初探 & Index API

下面我們寫一點測試用例，來驗證我們是否可以操作es，為了方便演示，這里直接使用SpringBootTest來測試，大家平時在寫springboot項目，類測試的時候也可以這么做

ping

新建api.IndexApi,調(diào)用ping()方法來測試是否鏈接成功:

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
public class IndexApi {
    /**
     * es 索引
     */
    public static final String index = "study";
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;
    @Test
    public void ping() throws IOException {
        if(client.ping(RequestOptions.DEFAULT)) {
            log.info("鏈接成功");
        }else {
            log.info("鏈接失敗 !");
        }
    }
}

點擊IndexApi左上角的綠色箭頭啟動測試用例, 如果報錯，嘗試添加以下注解

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = { EsStudyApplication.class })
public class IndexApi {....}

鏈接成功

說明客戶端與es服務(wù)端是通的

創(chuàng)建索引 & create

通過前面的學(xué)習(xí)，有了一定的基礎(chǔ)之后，回到代碼中其實就是調(diào)調(diào)方法，因為你知道了這個代碼的邏輯做了什么操作。下面來看下如何創(chuàng)建索引：

/**
     * 創(chuàng)建索引
     */
    @Test
    public void createIndex() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest(index);
        CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        log.info("創(chuàng)建索引 ===> "+ JSONObject.toJSONString(createIndexResponse)); // 創(chuàng)建索引 ===> {"acknowledged":true,"fragment":false,"shardsAcknowledged":true}
    }

大家可以返回到kibana中查看索引是否被創(chuàng)建，從而驗證代碼執(zhí)行是否成功

添加別名:

// alias
request.alias(new Alias("study_alias"));

索引設(shè)置settings:

// index settings
request.settings(
        Settings.builder()
                .put("index.number_of_shards", 3)
                .put("index.number_of_replicas", 2)
);

索引映射mapping:

 // index mappings
//        {
//            "mapping": {
//            "_doc": {
//                "properties": {
//                    "name": {
//                        "type": "text"
//                    }
//                }
//            }
//        }
//        }
XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
builder.startObject();
{
    builder.startObject("properties");
    {
        builder.startObject("name");
        {
            builder.field("type", "text");
        }
        builder.endObject();
    }
    builder.endObject();
}
builder.endObject();
request.mapping(builder);

設(shè)置請求超時時間:

// 請求設(shè)置
request.setTimeout(TimeValue.timeValueMinutes(1));

索引是否存在 & exist

 /**
    * 判斷索引是否存在
    * @throws IOException
    */
@Test
public void existIndex() throws IOException {
    GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest(index);
    boolean exists = client.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    log.info("索引{}存在 ===> {}", index, exists);
}

刪除索引

 /**
    * 刪除索引
    * @throws IOException
    */
@Test
public void delIndex() throws IOException {
    DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest(index);
    AcknowledgedResponse delete = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    log.info("刪除索引 ===> {}", JSONObject.toJSONString(delete)); // 刪除索引 ===> {"acknowledged":true,"fragment":false}
}