centos下fail2ban安裝與配置詳解

更新時(shí)間：2014年04月01日 10:50:15 作者：

這篇文章主要介紹了centos下fail2ban安裝與配置實(shí)例,fail2ban是一個(gè)實(shí)用、強(qiáng)大的Linux安全軟件,可以監(jiān)控大多數(shù)常用服務(wù)器軟件,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、fail2ban簡(jiǎn)介

fail2ban可以監(jiān)視你的系統(tǒng)日志，然后匹配日志的錯(cuò)誤信息（正則式匹配）執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的屏蔽動(dòng)作（一般情況下是防火墻），而且可以發(fā)送e-mail通知系統(tǒng)管理員，是不是很好、很實(shí)用、很強(qiáng)大！

二、簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)介紹一下fail2ban的功能和特性

1、支持大量服務(wù)。如sshd,apache,qmail,proftpd,sasl等等
2、支持多種動(dòng)作。如iptables,tcp-wrapper,shorewall(iptables第三方工具),mail notifications(郵件通知)等等。
3、在logpath選項(xiàng)中支持通配符
4、需要Gamin支持(注：Gamin是用于監(jiān)視文件和目錄是否更改的服務(wù)工具)
5、需要安裝python,iptables,tcp-wrapper,shorewall,Gamin。如果想要發(fā)郵件，那必需安裝postfix/sendmail

三、fail2ban安裝與配置操作實(shí)例

1:安裝epel更新源：http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/zh-cn

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

# yum install shorewall gamin-python shorewall-shell shorewall-perl shorewall-common python-inotify python-ctypes fail2ban

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

# yum install gamin-python python-inotify python-ctypes
# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch.rpm

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

# yum install gamin-python python-inotify python-ctypes
# wget http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/fedora/epel//5/i386/fail2ban-0.8.4-29.el5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh fail2ban-0.8.4-29.el5.noarch.rpm

2:源碼包安裝

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

# wget https://codeload.github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/tar.gz/0.9.0
# tar -xzvf fail2ban-0.9.0.tar.gz
# cd
# ./setup.py
# cp files/solaris-svc-fail2ban /lib/svc/method/svc-fail2ban
# chmod +x /lib/svc/method/svc-fail2ban

安裝路徑

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

/etc/fail2ban
action.d filter.d fail2ban.conf jail.conf

我們主要編輯jail.conf這個(gè)配置文件，其他的不要去管它.

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

# vi /etc/fail2ban.conf

SSH防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[ssh-iptables]

enabled = true
filter   = sshd
action   = iptables[name=SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
           sendmail-whois[name=SSH, dest=root, sender=fail2ban@example.com, sendername="Fail2Ban"]
logpath = /var/log/secure
maxretry = 5

[ssh-ddos]
enabled = true
filter = sshd-ddos
action = iptables[name=ssh-ddos, port=ssh,sftp protocol=tcp,udp]
logpath = /var/log/messages
maxretry = 2

[osx-ssh-ipfw]

enabled = true
filter = sshd
action = osx-ipfw
logpath = /var/log/secure.log
maxretry = 5

[ssh-apf]

enabled = true
filter = sshd
action = apf[name=SSH]
logpath = /var/log/secure
maxretry = 5

[osx-ssh-afctl]

enabled = true
filter = sshd
action = osx-afctl[bantime=600]
logpath = /var/log/secure.log
maxretry = 5

[selinux-ssh]
enabled = true
filter = selinux-ssh
action = iptables[name=SELINUX-SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/audit/audit.log
maxretry = 5

proftp防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[proftpd-iptables]

enabled = true
filter   = proftpd
action   = iptables[name=ProFTPD, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
           sendmail-whois[name=ProFTPD, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
maxretry = 6

郵件防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[sasl-iptables]

enabled = true
filter   = postfix-sasl
backend = polling
action   = iptables[name=sasl, port=smtp, protocol=tcp]
           sendmail-whois[name=sasl, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log

[dovecot]

enabled = true
filter = dovecot
action = iptables-multiport[name=dovecot, port="pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps,submission,smtps,sieve", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log

[dovecot-auth]

enabled = true
filter = dovecot
action = iptables-multiport[name=dovecot-auth, port="pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps,submission,smtps,sieve", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/secure

[perdition]

enabled = true
filter = perdition
action = iptables-multiport[name=perdition,port="110,143,993,995"]
logpath = /var/log/maillog

[uwimap-auth]

enabled = true
filter = uwimap-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=uwimap-auth,port="110,143,993,995"]
logpath = /var/log/maillog

apache防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[apache-tcpwrapper]

enabled = true
filter = apache-auth
action = hostsdeny
logpath = /var/log/httpd/error_log
maxretry = 6

[apache-badbots]

enabled = true
filter   = apache-badbots
action   = iptables-multiport[name=BadBots, port="http,https"]
           sendmail-buffered[name=BadBots, lines=5, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/httpd/access_log
bantime = 172800
maxretry = 1

[apache-shorewall]

enabled = true
filter   = apache-noscript
action   = shorewall
           sendmail[name=Postfix, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/httpd/error_log

nginx防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[nginx-http-auth]

enabled = true
filter = nginx-http-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=nginx-http-auth,port="80,443"]
logpath = /var/log/nginx/error.log

lighttpd防規(guī)擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[suhosin]

enabled = true
filter = suhosin
action = iptables-multiport[name=suhosin, port="http,https"]
# adapt the following two items as needed
logpath = /var/log/lighttpd/error.log
maxretry = 2

[lighttpd-auth]

enabled = true
filter = lighttpd-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=lighttpd-auth, port="http,https"]
# adapt the following two items as needed
logpath = /var/log/lighttpd/error.log
maxretry = 2

vsftpd防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[vsftpd-notification]

enabled = true
filter = vsftpd
action = sendmail-whois[name=VSFTPD, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/vsftpd.log
maxretry = 5
bantime = 1800

[vsftpd-iptables]

enabled = true
filter   = vsftpd
action   = iptables[name=VSFTPD, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
           sendmail-whois[name=VSFTPD, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/vsftpd.log
maxretry = 5
bantime = 1800

pure-ftpd防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[pure-ftpd]
enabled  = true
filter   = pure-ftpd
action   = iptables[name=pure-ftpd, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
logpath  = /var/log/pureftpd.log
maxretry = 2
bantime  = 86400

mysql防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[mysqld-iptables]

enabled = true
filter   = mysqld-auth
action   = iptables[name=mysql, port=3306, protocol=tcp]
           sendmail-whois[name=MySQL, dest=root, sender=fail2ban@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/mysqld.log
maxretry = 5

apache phpmyadmin防攻擊規(guī)則

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

[apache-phpmyadmin]
enabled = true
filter = apache-phpmyadmin
action = iptables[name=phpmyadmin, port=http,https protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/httpd/error_log
maxretry = 3
# /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-phpmyadmin.conf
將以下內(nèi)容粘貼到apache-phpmyadmin.conf里保存即可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)apache-phpmyadmin.conf文件.

# Fail2Ban configuration file
#
# Bans bots scanning for non-existing phpMyAdmin installations on your webhost.
#
# Author: Gina Haeussge
#

[Definition]

docroot = /var/www
badadmin = PMA|phpmyadmin|myadmin|mysql|mysqladmin|sqladmin|mypma|admin|xampp|mysqldb|mydb|db|pmadb|phpmyadmin1|phpmyadmin2

# Option: failregex
# Notes.: Regexp to match often probed and not available phpmyadmin paths.
# Values: TEXT
#
failregex = [[]client []] File does not exist: %(docroot)s/(?:%(badadmin)s)

# Option: ignoreregex
# Notes.: regex to ignore. If this regex matches, the line is ignored.
# Values: TEXT
#
ignoreregex =
# service fail2ban restart

寫(xiě)在最后，在安裝完fail2ban后請(qǐng)立即重啟一下fail2ban,看是不是能正常啟動(dòng)，因?yàn)樵诤筮呂覀兣渲猛暌?guī)則后如果發(fā)生無(wú)法啟動(dòng)的問(wèn)題我們可以進(jìn)行排查.如果安裝完后以默認(rèn)規(guī)則能夠正常啟動(dòng)，而配置完規(guī)則后卻不能夠正常啟動(dòng)，請(qǐng)先檢查一下你 /var/log/ 目錄下有沒(méi)有規(guī)則里的 logpath= 后邊的文件，或者這個(gè)文件的路徑與規(guī)則里的是不是一致. 如果不一致請(qǐng)?jiān)?logpath 項(xiàng)那里修改你的路徑，如果你的緩存目錄里沒(méi)有這個(gè)文件，那么請(qǐng)你將該配置項(xiàng)的 enabled 項(xiàng)目的值設(shè)置為 false. 然后再進(jìn)行重啟fail2ban，這樣一般不會(huì)有什么錯(cuò)誤了.

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