利用Python自動監(jiān)控網(wǎng)站并發(fā)送郵件告警的方法

更新時間：2016年08月24日 09:52:22 投稿：daisy

這篇文章介紹的是通過定時執(zhí)行python腳本,可以實現(xiàn)定期批量訪問網(wǎng)站,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)站打不開,第一時間發(fā)郵件到管理員郵箱進行預(yù)警。有需要的可以參考借鑒。

前言

因為有一些網(wǎng)站需要每日檢查是否有問題，所以需要一個報警監(jiān)控的機制，這個需要你指定你發(fā)送的郵箱和你接收的郵箱，就可以做到對網(wǎng)站自動監(jiān)控了。

這里用的是python3.5

需要安裝的插件:

1、smtplib:發(fā)郵件需要用到

2、pycurl:訪問網(wǎng)站時會需要用到

3、linecache:在讀取txt網(wǎng)站清單時需要用到

具體思路:

python程序從txt里面批量讀取到網(wǎng)站的信息,通過Curl.py模擬瀏覽器去訪問網(wǎng)站,并且把訪問的結(jié)果寫入到以自己的網(wǎng)站名稱-日期.txt格式的文件中記錄;有幾種情況:

1、如果發(fā)現(xiàn)打不開了,直接發(fā)郵件提示網(wǎng)站已經(jīng)打不開

2、發(fā)現(xiàn)可以打開,讀取文件中上一次訪問的情況(讀取txt文件最后一行),

1)如果發(fā)現(xiàn)上一次是打不開的,發(fā)郵件提醒網(wǎng)站已經(jīng)恢復(fù)了

2)如果發(fā)現(xiàn)上一次是打得開的(200的返回碼),只是記錄網(wǎng)站訪問的日志就可以了

總共4個文件

Email.py是郵件類,主要用來發(fā)郵件的時候調(diào)用,這里需要按照你的情況改成你的郵箱(msg['From']),郵箱服務(wù)器地址(SMTP地址),和你的郵箱密碼(SMTP.login)

Email.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
class Email_send(object):
 def __init__(self,msgTo,data2,Subject):
  self.msgTo=msgTo
  self.data2=data2
  self.Subject=Subject
 def sendEmail(self):
  # (attachment,html) = content
  msg = MIMEMultipart()
  msg['Subject'] = self.Subject
  msg['From'] = 'xxxx@xxxx.com.cn'
  msg['To'] = self.msgTo
  html_att = MIMEText(self.data2, 'html', 'utf-8')
  #att = MIMEText(attachment, 'plain', 'utf-8')
  msg.attach(html_att)
  #msg.attach(att)
  try:
   smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
   smtp.connect('smtp.xxxx.com', 25)
   smtp.login(msg['From'], 'xxxx') #改成自己的郵箱密碼
   smtp.sendmail(msg['From'], msg['To'].split(','), msg.as_string())
   return('郵件發(fā)送成功')
  except Exception as e:
   print('--------------sss------',e)
 def curl(self):
  import pycurl
  c=pycurl.Curl()
  #url="www.luoan.com.cn"
  #indexfile=open(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/content.txt","wb")
  c.setopt(c.URL,url)
  c.setopt(c.VERBOSE,1)
  c.setopt(c.ENCODING,"gzip")
  #模擬火狐瀏覽器
  c.setopt(c.USERAGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0")
  return c

Curl.py 主要用來執(zhí)行模擬瀏覽器訪問網(wǎng)站并返回結(jié)果的文件

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import pycurl
class Curl(object):
 def __init__(self,url):
  self.url=url
 def Curl_site(self):
  c=pycurl.Curl()
  #url="www.luoan.com.cn"
  #indexfile=open(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/content.txt","wb")
  c.setopt(c.URL,self.url)
  c.setopt(c.VERBOSE,1)
  c.setopt(c.ENCODING,"gzip")
  #模擬火狐瀏覽器
  c.setopt(c.USERAGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0")
  return c

site_moniter.py 這個文件為主程序,主要執(zhí)行調(diào)用上面的函數(shù),讀取txt文件中的網(wǎng)站清單,如果網(wǎng)站打不開就發(fā)郵件出來告警

需要注意:

1、把xxxx@xxxx.com改成你自己的郵箱,

2、把文件路徑改成自己的真實路徑

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pycurl
import os
import sys
import linecache
import time #引入事件類，用來獲取系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前時間
#from ceshi import Student
from Email import Email_send
from Curl import Curl

#bart = Student('mafei',59)
#bart.print_score()

def script(urls,type):
 msgTo = 'xxxx@xxxx.com'
 now_time=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
 j=1
#  data2=[{'aa':'aa'}]
 for url_split in urls:
  #print(url_split)
  url_1=url_split.split('---')
  url=url_1[1]
  recovery_title = "監(jiān)控通知----%s url:%s" % (url_1[0], url) + "在" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time())) + "已經(jīng)恢復(fù)"
  down_title = "監(jiān)控通知----%s url:%s" % (url_1[0], url) + "在" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time())) + "無法打開"
  #print('~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~')
  #print(url)
  #引用爬去網(wǎng)站的類，調(diào)用結(jié)果
  url_result = Curl(url)
  c = url_result.Curl_site()
  try:
   c.perform()
   code = str(c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE))
   print(code+'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')
  except Exception as e:
   print('--------錯誤信息：--------',e)
   #indexfile.close()
   #c.close()
  code = str(c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE))
  # print(code+'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')
  filename = '%s-%s.txt' % (url_1[0], time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime(time.time())))
  #判斷如果在網(wǎng)站無法打開的情況下
  if code == '0' or code=='400' or code=='500' or code=='404':
   resolveTime = 0
   Connection_Time = 0
   Transfer_Total_Time = 0
   Total_Time = 0
   # print('為000000000000000000000000000000000000000000')
   data3 = '網(wǎng)站:%s無法打開%s' % (url_1[0], url)
   # indexfile.close()
   # c.close()
   #判斷網(wǎng)站如果掛了就發(fā)郵件
   stat3 = Email_send(msgTo, data3, down_title)
   resole=stat3.sendEmail()
   print(resole)
   print(data3 + '郵件已經(jīng)發(fā)送')
  else:
   #resolveTime = str(c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   # Connection_Time=str(float(c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME)*1000-c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME)*1000))+" ms"
   #Connection_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME) * 1000 - c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   # Connection_Time=round(float(Connection_Time))
   #Transfer_Total_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME) * 1000 - c.getinfo(c.PRETRANSFER_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   #Total_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   # data2=data
   # data={'url':url,'HTTP CODE':code,'resolveTime':resolveTime,'Connection_Time':Connection_Time,'Transfer_Total_Time':Transfer_Total_Time,'Total_Time':Total_Time}
   print('網(wǎng)站可以正常打開')
   #f = open(filename, 'a',encoding='utf-8')
   file_exit=os.path.exists(filename)
   #print(file_exit)
   #判斷這個日志文件存不存在
   if(file_exit):
    #讀取文件最后一行，為了讀取出來最后一次的狀態(tài)值
    file = open(filename, 'r',encoding='utf-8')
    linecount = len(file.readlines())
    data = linecache.getline(filename, linecount)
    file.close
    if data == '':
     print('這是'+data+'為空的數(shù)據(jù)')
    else:
     print('其他信息%s'%(data))
     explode = data.split('----')
     #判斷如果讀取出來的值，最后一次是異常的情況就告警
     if explode[3]=='0\n' or explode[3]=='400\n' or explode[3]=='500' or explode[3]=='404':
      data3 = '網(wǎng)站:%s在%s已經(jīng)恢復(fù)%s' % (url_1[0], now_time,url)
      stat3 = Email_send(msgTo, data3, recovery_title)
      resole = stat3.sendEmail()
      print(resole)
      print(data3 + '郵件已經(jīng)發(fā)送')
     else:
      print('最后一次記錄為其他值：%s'%(explode[3])+'-----')
   else:
    print('文件不存在')
  data2 = '\n' + url_1[0] + '----' + url + '-----' + time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time())) + '-------' + code
  print('data2數(shù)據(jù)寫入成功：' + data2)
  file = open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
  file.write(data2)
  file.close
# bart = Student(data2,59)
# bart.print_score()

if __name__ == "__main__":
 type = "監(jiān)控通知-測試" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
 data1=['公司門戶---www.luoan.com.cn','公司平臺---yun.luoan.com.cn']
 #script(data1,type)


 #中心層面的網(wǎng)站清單
 file=open('D:\python\site_moniter\zhongxin.txt')
 data2=[]
 while 1:
  line2 =file.readline()
  print(line2)
  if not line2:
   break
  data2.append(line2[0:-1])
 #data2=['www.luoan.com.cn','yun.luoan.com.cn','www.qq.com']
 print(data2)
 title="監(jiān)控通知-中心"+ time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
 script(data2,title)

總結(jié)

利用Python自動監(jiān)控網(wǎng)站并發(fā)送郵件告警的方法到這就基本結(jié)束了，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)工作能有所幫助。

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