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SpringBoot整合Netty的流程步驟

更新時(shí)間：2023年09月20日 11:23:48 作者：fking86

Netty是一個(gè)基于Java的開(kāi)源網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用框架,它提供了高性能、異步事件驅(qū)動(dòng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程能力,Netty旨在幫助開(kāi)發(fā)者構(gòu)建高性能、高可靠性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序,本文給大家詳細(xì)介紹了SpringBoot整合Netty的流程步驟,需要的朋友可以參考下

簡(jiǎn)介

Netty是一個(gè)基于Java的開(kāi)源網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用框架，它提供了高性能、異步事件驅(qū)動(dòng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程能力。Netty旨在幫助開(kāi)發(fā)者構(gòu)建高性能、高可靠性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序。

Netty提供了簡(jiǎn)潔的API和豐富的功能，可以輕松處理各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議，如TCP、UDP、WebSocket等。它的設(shè)計(jì)理念是基于事件驅(qū)動(dòng)和回調(diào)機(jī)制，而不是傳統(tǒng)的線程模型，這使得它可以實(shí)現(xiàn)高并發(fā)、低延遲的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信。

通過(guò)使用Netty，開(kāi)發(fā)者可以方便地處理復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信邏輯，例如請(qǐng)求-響應(yīng)模式、長(zhǎng)連接、心跳檢測(cè)等。Netty提供了靈活的編解碼器和處理器，可以對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行高效的編解碼和處理。同時(shí)，Netty還提供了可靠的錯(cuò)誤處理機(jī)制和事件機(jī)制，方便開(kāi)發(fā)者進(jìn)行異常處理和擴(kuò)展。

實(shí)例

版本依賴

JDK17

SpringBoot 3.1.0

Netty 4.1.90.Final

引入依賴

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-netty</artifactId>
    <name>${project.artifactId}</name>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <maven.version>17</maven.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--   引入Netty依賴     -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.90.Final</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

EchoServer

// 創(chuàng)建Server端
        EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(workGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
                            p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
                            p.addLast(serverHandler);
                        }
                    });
            // 綁定端口
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(8088).sync();
            // 等待連接關(guān)閉
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // 關(guān)閉所有線程
            workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

EchoServerHandler

@Sharable
public class EchoServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    /**
     * 讀取
     *
     * @param ctx
     * @param msg
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ctx.write(msg);
    }
    /**
     * 讀取完畢時(shí)
     *
     * @param ctx
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.flush();
    }
    /**
     * 抓住異常
     *
     * @param ctx
     * @param cause
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

EchoClient

EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EchoClientHandler clientHandler = new EchoClientHandler();
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
                            p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
                            p.addLast(clientHandler);
                        }
                    });
            // 連接server端
            ChannelFuture cf = b.connect("127.0.0.1", 8088).sync();
            // 等待連接關(guān)閉
            cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }

測(cè)試

先啟動(dòng)EchoServer，再啟動(dòng)EchoClient

18:36:39.872 [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] INFO io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler -- [id: 0xe21b38be, L:/127.0.0.1:54127 - R:/127.0.0.1:8088] WRITE: 26B
         +-------------------------------------------------+
         |  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
|00000000| 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 4e 65 74 74 79 20 53 6f 63 6b |Hello Netty Sock|
|00000010| 65 74 20 43 6f 64 65 69 6e 67                   |et Codeing      |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
18:36:39.872 [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] INFO io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler -- [id: 0xe21b38be, L:/127.0.0.1:54127 - R:/127.0.0.1:8088] READ COMPLETE
18:36:42.882 [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] INFO io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler -- [id: 0xe21b38be, L:/127.0.0.1:54127 - R:/127.0.0.1:8088] FLUSH
18:36:42.885 [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] INFO io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler -- [id: 0xe21b38be, L:/127.0.0.1:54127 - R:/127.0.0.1:8088] READ: 26B

HttpServer (HTTP服務(wù))

// 主從模式
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
    ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
    b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
            .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
            .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
            .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                @Override
                protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                    // HTTP 模式
                    ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
                    p.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
                    p.addLast(new HttpServerExpectContinueHandler());
                    p.addLast(new HttpServerHandler());
                }
            });
    ChannelFuture ch = b.bind(8089).sync();
    System.out.println("Open Http Server : http://127.0.0.1:8089");
    ch.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception ex) {
    ex.printStackTrace();
} finally {
    workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
    bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}