<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@TableName("user")
public class User {
    @TableId
    private Long id;
 
    @NotBlank(message = "用戶名不能為空")
    @TableField("user_name")
    private String userName;
 
    @Size(max = 20,min = 6,message = "密碼的長(zhǎng)度必須在6-20位")
    @TableField("pass_word")
    private String passWord;
 
    @TableField("group_id")
    private Long groupId;
 
    @Max(value = 100, message = "城市編號(hào)不等大于100")
    @TableField("city_id")
    private Long cityId;
 
    @Email(message = "郵件不合法")
    @TableField("email")
    private String email;
}

@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
public enum ResponseEnum {
 
    SUCCESS(0, "成功"),
    ERROR(-1, "服務(wù)器內(nèi)部錯(cuò)誤"),
 
    private final Integer code;
 
    private final String message;
}

@Data
public class R {
 
    private Integer code;
 
    private String message;
 
    /**
     * 返回的數(shù)據(jù)
     */
    private Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
 
    private R() {
    }
 
    public static R ok() {
        return setResult(ResponseEnum.SUCCESS);
    }
 
    public static R error() {
        return setResult(ResponseEnum.ERROR);
    }
 
    /**
     * 設(shè)置特定結(jié)果
     */
    public static R setResult(ResponseEnum responseEnum) {
        R r = new R();
        r.setCode(responseEnum.getCode());
        r.setMessage(responseEnum.getMessage());
        return r;
    }
 
    /**
     * 設(shè)置響應(yīng)消息
     */
    public R message(String message) {
        this.setMessage(message);
        return this;
    }
 
    public R code(Integer code) {
        this.setCode(code);
        return this;
    }
 
    public R data(String key, Object value) {
        this.data.put(key, value);
        return this;
    }
 
    public R data(Map<String, Object> map) {
        this.setData(map);
        return this;
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
 
    @Resource
    private UserServiceImpl userService;
 
    @PostMapping
    public R addUser(@Valid @RequestBody User user, BindingResult bindingResult) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        // 判斷是否有錯(cuò)誤
        if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
            // 如果有錯(cuò)誤，遍歷錯(cuò)誤信息，添加到Map中
            bindingResult.getFieldErrors().forEach((item) -> {
                // 獲取錯(cuò)誤提示
                String message = item.getDefaultMessage();
                // 獲取錯(cuò)誤的屬性名稱
                String field = item.getField();
                map.put(field, message);
            });
            return R.error().message("參數(shù)信息錯(cuò)誤").data(map);
        }
        userService.save(user);
        return R.ok();
    }
}

@Slf4j
@Component //Spring容易自動(dòng)管理
@RestControllerAdvice //在controller層添加通知。當(dāng)Controller層出現(xiàn)異常，這里的方法會(huì)捕獲異常，返回錯(cuò)誤信息（相當(dāng)于服務(wù)降級(jí)）
public class UnifiedExceptionHandler {
 
    /**
     * 參數(shù)校驗(yàn)異常處理
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
    public R handleValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
        log.error("數(shù)據(jù)校驗(yàn)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題{}, 異常類型{}", e.getMessage(), e.getClass());
        BindingResult bindingResult = e.getBindingResult();
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        bindingResult.getFieldErrors().forEach((item) -> {
            map.put(item.getField(), item.getDefaultMessage());
        });
        return R.error().message("參數(shù)信息錯(cuò)誤").data(map);
    }
}

@PostMapping
public R addUser(@Valid @RequestBody User user) {
    userService.save(user);
    return R.ok();
}

{
	"userName": "lixianchichi",
	"passWord": "104ee44",
	"groupId": 1,
	"cityId": 14,
	"email": "123456@qq.com"
}

{
    "code": 0,
    "message": "成功",
    "data": {}
}

{
	"userName": "lixianchichi",
	"passWord": "10444eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee44",
	"groupId": 1,
	"cityId": 1514,
	"email": "123456@qq.com"
}

{
    "code": -1,
    "message": "參數(shù)信息錯(cuò)誤",
    "data": {
        "passWord": "密碼的長(zhǎng)度必須在6-20位",
        "cityId": "城市編號(hào)不等大于100"
    }
}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@TableName("user")
public class User {
    @TableId
    // 更新的時(shí)候校驗(yàn)
    @NotNull(message = "修改用戶id不能為null" ,groups = {UpdateGroup.class})
    // 新增的時(shí)候校驗(yàn)
    @Null(message = "新增用戶id必須為null" ,groups = {InsertGroup.class})
    private Long id;
 
    // 新增和修改的時(shí)候都校驗(yàn)
    @NotBlank(message = "用戶名不能為空" ,groups = {InsertGroup.class, UpdateGroup.class})
    @TableField("user_name")
    private String userName;
 
    ...
    // 修改的時(shí)候判斷email是否合法，可以null，不報(bào)錯(cuò)（不傳就不校驗(yàn)）
    @Email(message = "郵件不合法" ，groups = {UpdateGroup.class})
    @TableField("email")
    private String email;
}

@PostMapping
public R addUser(@Validated({InsertGroup.class}) @RequestBody User user) {
    userService.save(user);
    return R.ok();
}

@PostMapping
public R addUser(@Validated({InsertGroup.class}) @RequestBody User user) {
    userService.save(user);
    return R.ok();
}

{
    "code": -1,
    "message": "參數(shù)信息錯(cuò)誤",
    "data": {
        "id": "新增用戶id必須為null"
    }
}

@PostMapping
public R addUser(@Validated({UpdateGroup.class}) @RequestBody User user) {
    userService.save(user);
    return R.ok();
}

{
    "code": -1,
    "message": "參數(shù)信息錯(cuò)誤",
    "data": {
        "id": "修改用戶id不能為null"
    }
}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@TableName("user")
public class User {
    ...
    @TableField("group_id")
    @ListValue(vals = {0L, 1L}, groups = {UpdateGroup.class})
    private Long groupId;
    ...
}

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.TYPE_USE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
// 指定校驗(yàn)器，可以指定多個(gè)校驗(yàn)器，會(huì)自動(dòng)適配，如：此注解還有一個(gè)Double數(shù)組的屬性,再添加一個(gè)Double類型的校驗(yàn)器，當(dāng)我們使用注解的時(shí)候，我們給Double數(shù)組賦值，就會(huì)自動(dòng)找Double類型的校驗(yàn)器校驗(yàn)
@Constraint(validatedBy = {ListValueCondtraintValidator.class})
public @interface ListValue {
    
    // 前三個(gè)屬性都是每個(gè)JSR303注解必須有的
    // 默認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤信息，從properties里獲取值
    String message() default "{com.lixianhe.valid.listValue.message}";
 
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
 
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
    
    long[] vals() default {};
}

/**
 * 自定義校驗(yàn)器
 */
public class ListValueCondtraintValidator implements ConstraintValidator<ListValue, Long> {
 
    private Set<Long> set = new HashSet<>();
 
    /**
     * 初始化方法
     *
     * @param constraintAnnotation
     */
    @Override
    public void initialize(ListValue constraintAnnotation) {
        long[] vals = constraintAnnotation.vals();
        for (long val : vals) {
            set.add(val);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 判斷是否校驗(yàn)成功
     *
     * @param value                      需要校驗(yàn)的值
     * @param constraintValidatorContext
     * @return 校驗(yàn)結(jié)果
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isValid(Long value, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
        return set.contains(value);
    }
}

{
	"userName": "lixianchichi",
	"passWord": "104eefd454545546456565tygpl[per44",
	"groupId": 2,
	"cityId": 10
}

{
    "code": -1,
    "message": "參數(shù)信息錯(cuò)誤",
    "data": {
        "groupId": "必須提交指定的值"
    }
}