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Java調(diào)用參數(shù)類型是application/x-www-form-urlencoded的API問題

更新時間：2024年09月29日 08:52:58 作者：謝月

在使用Postman進(jìn)行接口測試時,對于POST請求,需將請求頭設(shè)置為application/x-www-form-urlencoded,并將參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)為String類型,通常在GET請求中,參數(shù)直接拼接在URL后,本文通過具體實(shí)例,詳細(xì)講解了參數(shù)處理的方法,適合API開發(fā)者參考

一、分析

首先用postman測試對應(yīng)的接口

測試如下：

其中請求頭中content-type為application/x-www-form-urlencoded

參數(shù)是：

queryParam：{"id":"mobile","userName":"name","mobile":"12345678"}

注意：

我們進(jìn)行API調(diào)用時，參數(shù)需要轉(zhuǎn)為String類型，平時我們調(diào)用get請求application/x-www-form-urlencoded參數(shù)都是直接拼接在url后面， url?字段名=值&字段名=值，所以這里用同樣的方式進(jìn)行參數(shù)處理。

二、代碼樣例

public String getNameCode(String name，String phone) throws Exception {
        // 1.組裝數(shù)據(jù)，以及請求頭
        Map header = new HashMap();
        String newParam = "queryParam={\"id\":\"mobile\",\"userName\":\""+name+"\",\"mobile\":\""+phone+"\"}";
        header.put("content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        // 3.調(diào)用接口查詢
        String testRst = HttpUtil.doPost("http://localhost/sv/query",newParam,header);
        if(testRst==null){
            throw new Exception("bomc接口響應(yīng)失敗，請稍后重試");
        }
        // 4.解析結(jié)果集
        JSONObject json = JSONObject.parseObject(testRst);
        JSONArray item = json.getJSONArray("items");
        JSONObject obj = item.getJSONObject(0);
        String account = (String) obj.get("userAccount");
        return account;
}
 
public static String doPost(String url, String params, Map header) throws Exception {
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 創(chuàng)建httpPost
        logger.info("POST請求url：" + url);
        for (Iterator iter = header.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
            String key = String.valueOf(iter.next());
            String value = String.valueOf(header.get(key));
            httpPost.setHeader(key, value);
        }
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(20000)
                .setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        //設(shè)置參數(shù)
        logger.info("POST請求參數(shù)：" + params);
 
        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, "utf-8");
        entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
        entity.setContentType("application/json");
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine();
            int state = status.getStatusCode();
            if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
                String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity,"UTF-8");
                return jsonString;
            } else {
                logger.error("請求返回:" + state + "(" + url + ")");
            }
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            try {
                httpclient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
}