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SpringBoot下獲取resources目錄下文件的常用方法

更新時(shí)間：2024年10月30日 10:46:38 作者：常量俠

本文詳細(xì)介紹了SpringBoot獲取resources目錄下文件的常用方法,包括使用this.getClass()方法、ClassPathResource獲取以及hutool工具類(lèi)ResourceUtil獲取,感興趣的可以了解一下

通過(guò)this.getClass()方法獲取

method1 - method4都是通過(guò)這個(gè)方法獲取文件的寫(xiě)法，這四種寫(xiě)法在idea中都可以正常運(yùn)行，jar包執(zhí)行后method1和method2報(bào)錯(cuò)，提示找不到文件，method3和method4可以正常運(yùn)行

通過(guò)ClassPathResource獲取

method5是通過(guò)這種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)，idea中可以正常運(yùn)行，打包后的jar中提示找不到文件

通過(guò)hutool工具類(lèi)ResourceUtil獲取

method6是通過(guò)這種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)，和method情況一樣，同樣是idea中可以正常運(yùn)行，導(dǎo)出的jar中提示找不到文件

總結(jié)

不想折騰的同學(xué)可以直接用method3和method4的方法來(lái)使用，也可以將模板和資源文件外置，通過(guò)絕對(duì)路徑獲取對(duì)應(yīng)文件。有好的方法也歡迎大家一起交流溝通~

代碼

import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.ClassPathResource;
import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.ResourceUtil;
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;
import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.enums.WriteDirectionEnum;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.WriteSheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.fill.FillConfig;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/temp")
public class TemplateController {


    /**
     * this.getClass()方法獲取
     * @param response
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping("/method1")
    public void method1(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("----------method1 start");
        String filename = "template.xlsx";
        String bashPatch = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath();
        System.out.println(bashPatch);

        String textFile = "template.txt";
        String textPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath();
        List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textPath + "/template/" + textFile);
        for (String data : dataList) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }

        try (ExcelWriter excelWriter =
                     EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream())
                             .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，交給 Servlet 自己處理
//                             .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath())
                             .withTemplate(bashPatch + "/template/" + filename)
                             .build()
        ) {
            WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build();
            FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build();
            
            FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build();
            excelWriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
    }


    @RequestMapping("/method2")
    public void method2(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("----------method2 start");
        String filename = "template.xlsx";
        String bashPatch = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("template").getPath();
        System.out.println(bashPatch);

        String textFile = "template.txt";
        String textPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("template").getPath();
        List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textPath + "/" + textFile);
        for (String data : dataList) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }

        try (ExcelWriter excelWriter =
                     EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream())
                             .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，交給 Servlet 自己處理
//                             .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath())
                             .withTemplate(bashPatch + "/" + filename)
                             .build()
        ) {
            WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build();
            FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build();
            
            FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build();
            excelWriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
    }


    @RequestMapping("/method3")
    public void method3(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("----------method3 start");
        String filename = "template.xlsx";
        InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("template" + "/" + filename);
//        System.out.println(inputStream);

        String textFile = "template.txt";
        InputStream textStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("template" + "/" + textFile);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(textStream));
        String line;
        try {
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace(); // 異常處理
        }

        try (ExcelWriter excelWriter =
                     EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream())
                             .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，交給 Servlet 自己處理
//                             .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath())
                             .withTemplate(inputStream)
                             .build()
        ) {
            WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build();
            FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build();
            
            FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build();
            excelWriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
    }


    @RequestMapping("/method4")
    public void method4(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("----------method4 start");
        String filename = "template.xlsx";
        InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/template" + "/" + filename);
//        System.out.println(inputStream);

        String textFile = "template.txt";
        InputStream textStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/template" + "/" + textFile);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(textStream));
        String line;
        try {
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace(); // 異常處理
        }
        try (ExcelWriter excelWriter =
                     EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream())
                             .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，交給 Servlet 自己處理
//                             .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath())
                             .withTemplate(inputStream)
                             .build()
        ) {
            WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build();
            FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build();
            
            FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build();
            excelWriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
    }


    /**
     * 通過(guò)ClassPathResource獲取
     * @param response
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping("/method5")
    public void method5(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("----------method5 start");
        String filename = "template.xlsx";
        ClassPathResource classPathResource = new ClassPathResource("template" + "/" + filename);

        String textFile = "template.txt";
        ClassPathResource textResource = new ClassPathResource("template" + "/" + textFile);
        List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textResource.getAbsolutePath());
        for (String data : dataList) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }

        try (ExcelWriter excelWriter =
                     EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream())
                             .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，交給 Servlet 自己處理
                             .withTemplate(classPathResource.getAbsolutePath())
                             .build()
        ) {
            WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build();
            FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build();
            
            FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build();
            excelWriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
    }

    /**
     * 通過(guò)hutool工具類(lèi)ResourceUtil獲取
     * @param response
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping("/method6")
    public void method6(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("----------method6 start");
        String filename = "template.xlsx";
        String filePath = ResourceUtil.getResource("template" + "/" + filename).getPath();

        String textFile = "template.txt";
        String textPath = ResourceUtil.getResource("template" + "/" + textFile).getPath();
        List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textPath);
        for (String data : dataList) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }

        try (ExcelWriter excelWriter =
                     EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream())
                             .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，交給 Servlet 自己處理
                             .withTemplate(filePath)
                             .build()
        ) {
            WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build();
            FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build();
            
            FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build();
            excelWriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
    }

}

pom依賴(lài)

        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.8.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

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