public class SnowflakeIdGenerator {
    private final long twepoch = 1288834974657L; // 起始時間戳，例如Twitter的Snowflake起始時間
    private final long workerIdBits = 10L;
    private final long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
    private final long sequenceBits = 12L;
    private final long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
    private final long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
    private final long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);

    private long workerId;
    private long sequence = 0L;
    private long lastTimestamp = -1L;

    public SnowflakeIdGenerator(long workerId) {
        if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
        }
        this.workerId = workerId;
    }

    public synchronized long nextId() {
        long timestamp = timeGen();

        if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
            // 時鐘回?fù)?，等待時間追上
            long offset = lastTimestamp - timestamp;
            if (offset <= 5) {
                try {
                    wait(offset << 1);
                    timestamp = timeGen();
                    if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
                        throw new RuntimeException(String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", offset));
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            } else {
                throw new RuntimeException(String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", offset));
            }
        }

        if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
            sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
            if (sequence == 0) {
                timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
            }
        } else {
            sequence = 0L;
        }

        lastTimestamp = timestamp;

        return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) |
                (workerId << workerIdShift) |
                sequence;
    }

    protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
        long timestamp = timeGen();
        while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
            timestamp = timeGen();
        }
        return timestamp;
    }

    protected long timeGen() {
        return System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SnowflakeIdGenerator idGenerator = new SnowflakeIdGenerator(1);
        System.out.println(idGenerator.nextId());
    }
}