SpringBoot實現(xiàn)驗證碼的案例分享
實現(xiàn)邏輯
1、后端功能:隨機生成驗證碼圖片,并把交給前端、接收用戶輸入,驗證用戶輸入的驗證碼是否正確、
2、前端功能:顯示驗證碼,提供輸入框供用戶輸入他們看到的驗證碼,把用戶輸入的數(shù)據(jù)交給后端,接收后端返回的驗證結(jié)果
前后端交互接口
后端需要完成的兩個工作:1、生成驗證碼,2、校驗驗證碼的正確性
接口定義:
1、生成驗證碼
請求url:/captcha/getCaptcha
響應(yīng):返回驗證碼的圖片
2、校驗驗證碼的正確性
請求url:/captcha/check
請求參數(shù):用戶輸入的驗證碼captcha
響應(yīng):驗證碼正確返回true,錯誤返回false
前端代碼
index.html
展示效果:
用戶點擊圖片之后,可以更新驗證碼圖片

代碼如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>驗證碼</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
}
#container {
text-align: center;
background: white;
padding: 50px;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
h1 {
color: #333;
font-size: 2em;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
#inputCaptcha {
height: 40px;
margin-right: 10px;
vertical-align: middle;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0 10px;
}
#verificationCodeImg {
vertical-align: middle;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
cursor: pointer;
transition: transform 0.2s;
}
#verificationCodeImg:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
}
#checkCaptcha {
height: 40px;
width: 120px;
background-color: #5cb85c;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.2s;
}
#checkCaptcha:hover {
background-color: #4cae4c;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
<h1>輸入驗證碼</h1>
<div id="confirm">
<input type="text" name="inputCaptcha" id="inputCaptcha">
<img id="verificationCodeImg" src="http://127.0.0.1:8080/captcha/getCaptcha" style="cursor: pointer;"
title="看不清?換一張"/>
<input type="button" value="提交" id="checkCaptcha">
</div>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$("#verificationCodeImg").click(function () {
$(this).hide().attr('src', 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/captcha/getCaptcha?dt=' + new Date().getTime()).fadeIn();
});
$("#checkCaptcha").click(function () {
$.ajax({
type: "post",
url: "captcha/check",
data: {
captcha: $("#inputCaptcha").val()
},
success: function (result) {
if (result) {
location.href = "success.html"
} else {
alert("驗證碼錯誤")
}
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
success.html,當用戶驗證碼輸入正確時展示的內(nèi)容
展示效果:

代碼如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>驗證成功頁</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
}
.container {
text-align: center;
background: white;
padding: 50px;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
h1 {
color: green;
font-size: 2.5em;
margin: 0;
}
p {
color: blue;
font-size: 1.2em;
margin-top: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>驗證成功</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>
后端代碼
結(jié)構(gòu)如下:

在pom.xml中添加依賴:

<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-captcha</artifactId>
<version>5.8.26</version>
</dependency>
CaptchaController類:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/captcha")
public class CaptchaController {
//注入
@Autowired
private CaptchaProperties captchaProperties;
@Value("${captcha.session.key}")
private String key;
@Value("${captcha.session.datetime}")
private String datetime;
@RequestMapping("/getCaptcha")
public void getCaptcha(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
//定義圖形驗證碼的長和寬
LineCaptcha lineCaptcha = CaptchaUtil.createLineCaptcha(captchaProperties.getWidth(), captchaProperties.getHeight());
String code = lineCaptcha.getCode();
//設(shè)置session,把驗證碼信息存儲到session中
session.setAttribute(key, code);
session.setAttribute(datetime, new Date());
//驗證碼寫入瀏覽器
lineCaptcha.write(response.getOutputStream());
//設(shè)置ContentType
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//設(shè)置編碼
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf8");
//防止瀏覽器緩存驗證碼圖片
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
}
@RequestMapping("/check")
public boolean check(String captcha, HttpSession session) {
String code = (String) session.getAttribute(key);
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(captcha)) {
return false;
}
//從session中獲取時間
Date date = (Date) session.getAttribute(datetime);
if (date == null || System.currentTimeMillis() - date.getTime() > 60 * 1000) {
//session為null,或者session過期(超過一分鐘就算過期)
//System.currentTimeMillis() - date.getTime(): 當前時間-請求時間
return false;
}
//不區(qū)分大小寫
return captcha.equalsIgnoreCase(code);
}
}
CaptchaProperties類:
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "captcha")
@Configuration
@Data
public class CaptchaProperties {
private Integer height;
private Integer width;
}
MySession類:
@Data
public class MySession {
private String key;
private String datetime;
}
配置文件 application.yml:
captcha:
height: 50
width: 150
session:
key: CaptchaCode
datetime: CaptchaDate
以上就是SpringBoot實現(xiàn)驗證碼的案例分享的詳細內(nèi)容,更多關(guān)于SpringBoot驗證碼案例的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章!
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