SpringBoot Mybatis多數(shù)據(jù)源配置全過程

更新時間：2025年11月12日 08:50:43 作者：fengyehongWorld

本文詳細介紹了如何在Java項目中配置多數(shù)據(jù)源,包括配置文件設置、多數(shù)據(jù)源配置類、MyBatis配置等,通過兩種不同的方式配置primary和secondary數(shù)據(jù)源,展示了如何處理Mapper接口文件和.xml文件不在同一目錄下的情況,并使用@Primary注解指定默認數(shù)據(jù)源

一. 配置文件

spring:
  datasource:
    # 數(shù)據(jù)源1
    primary:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost/myblog?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
      username: root
      password: mysql
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    # 數(shù)據(jù)源2
    secondary:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost/pythonblog?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
      username: root
      password: mysql
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

同時連接了Mysql中的兩個數(shù)據(jù)庫,myblog和pythonblog

二. 多數(shù)據(jù)源配置類

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfiguration {

    // Primary注解是在沒有指明使用哪個數(shù)據(jù)源的時候指定默認使用的主數(shù)據(jù)源
    @Primary
    @Bean("primaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean("secondaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary")
    public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }
}

三. 多數(shù)據(jù)源Mybatis配置

注意事項：

3.1 primary數(shù)據(jù)源配置和3.2 secondary數(shù)據(jù)源配置是兩種不同的配置方式,都能實現(xiàn)多數(shù)據(jù)源的效果.此處使用兩種不同的方式進行配置,只是為了展示不同的配置方式.
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations適用于Mybatis的Mapper接口文件和 .xml文件不在同一個目錄下的情況,用于指定 .xml文件 所在的文件路徑.
@Primary注解用于指定默認的數(shù)據(jù)源.

3.1 primary數(shù)據(jù)源配置

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(
		// 指定該數(shù)據(jù)源掃描指定包下面的Mapper接口文件
        basePackages = "com.example.jmw.mapper",
        sqlSessionFactoryRef = "sqlSessionFactoryPrimary",
        sqlSessionTemplateRef = "sqlSessionTemplatePrimary")
publc class DataSourcePrimaryConfig {
	
	// 注入數(shù)據(jù)源1
    @Resource
    private DataSource primaryDataSource;

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryPrimary() throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(primaryDataSource);
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplatePrimary() throws Exception {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactoryPrimary());
    }
}

3.2 secondary數(shù)據(jù)源配置

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(
        basePackages = "com.example.jmw.mapper1",
        sqlSessionFactoryRef = "sqlSessionFactorySecondary")
public class DataSourceSecondaryConfig {

    // mapper掃描xml文件的路徑
    private static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper1/*.xml";

    private DataSource secondaryDataSource;
	
	// 通過構造方法進行注入
    public DataSourceSecondaryConfig(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource secondaryDataSource) {
        this.secondaryDataSource = secondaryDataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactorySecondary() throws Exception {

        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();

        // 指定數(shù)據(jù)源
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(secondaryDataSource);
        /*
			獲取xml文件資源對象
			當Mapper接口所對應的.xml文件與Mapper接口文件分離,存儲在 resources 
			文件夾下的時候,需要手動指定.xml文件所在的路徑
		*/ 
        Resource[] resources = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION);
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(resources);

        return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSourceTransactionManager SecondaryDataSourceManager() {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(secondaryDataSource);
    }
}

四. 效果

import com.example.jmw.mapper.I18nMessageMapper;
import com.example.jmw.mapper1.BlogTagMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test12")
public class Test12Controller {
	
	// 數(shù)據(jù)源1Mapper注入
	@Resource
    private I18nMessageMapper i18nMessageMapper;
	
	// 數(shù)據(jù)源2Mapper注入
    @Resource
    private BlogTagMapper blogTagMapper;

    @GetMapping("/selectManyDataSourceData")
    @ResponseBody
    public void selectManyDataSourceData() {
		
		// 查詢數(shù)據(jù)源1中的數(shù)據(jù)
        List<I18MessageEnttiy> allLocaleMessage = i18nMessageMapper.getAllLocaleMessage();
        System.out.println(allLocaleMessage);
		
		// 查詢數(shù)據(jù)源2中的數(shù)據(jù)
        List<BlogTag> allBlogTag = blogTagMapper.getAllBlogTag();
        System.out.println(allBlogTag);
    }
}