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Django處理枚舉(枚舉模型)及source的使用

更新時(shí)間：2024年04月15日 09:12:09 作者：敲代碼敲到頭發(fā)茂密

本文主要介紹了Django處理枚舉(枚舉模型)及source的使用,文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

1、定義模型類(lèi)、序列化器類(lèi)

定義模型類(lèi)models.py；項(xiàng)目模型類(lèi)、接口模型類(lèi)、用例模型類(lèi)

from django.db import models

class Test_Project(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(help_text='項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)', verbose_name='項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)',
                            max_length=60,
                            unique=True)
    desc = models.TextField(help_text='項(xiàng)目描述', blank=True, null=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

    class Meta:
        db_table = "t_test_project"
        verbose_name = "項(xiàng)目表"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['id']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

CHOICES = [('1', '項(xiàng)目接口'),('2', '外部接口')]

type = models.CharField(verbose_name='接口類(lèi)型', help_text='接口類(lèi)型', max_length=40,default='1', choices=CHOICES)

from django.db import models

class Test_Interface(models.Model):
    CHOICES = [
        ('1', '項(xiàng)目接口'),
        ('2', '外部接口')
    ]

    name = models.CharField(help_text='接口名稱(chēng)', verbose_name='接口名稱(chēng)',
                            max_length=60,
                            unique=True)
    desc = models.TextField(help_text='接口描述', blank=True, null=True, default='描述')
    type = models.CharField(verbose_name='接口類(lèi)型', help_text='接口類(lèi)型',
                            max_length=40,
                            default='1', choices=CHOICES)
    project = models.ForeignKey(Test_Project, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    playcount=models.IntegerField(help_text='訪問(wèn)量',verbose_name='訪問(wèn)量',default=0)
    commentcount = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='評(píng)論量')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 't_test_interface'
        verbose_name = "接口表"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['id']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

from django.db import models

class Test_Testcase(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(help_text='用例名稱(chēng)', verbose_name='用例名稱(chēng)',
                            max_length=60,
                            unique=True)
    desc = models.TextField(help_text='用例名稱(chēng)', blank=True, null=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    interface = models.ForeignKey(Test_Interface, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    class Meta:
        db_table = "t_test_testcase"
        verbose_name = "用例表"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['id']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

序列化器類(lèi)設(shè)計(jì)

from rest_framework import serializers

from ttest.models import Test_Project,Test_Interface


class TProjectSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model=Test_Project
        fields='__all__'


class TInterfaceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Test_Interface
        fields='__all__'

訪問(wèn)接口：前端展示的數(shù)據(jù)type：“1”
使用默認(rèn)的序列化器時(shí)，視圖函數(shù)訪問(wèn) 具有choices參數(shù) 的字段或一對(duì)一或一對(duì)多或多對(duì)多字段時(shí)，返回的數(shù)據(jù)只有 id 值，就像下面這種方式，性別是0或1

在這里插入圖片描述

2、對(duì)上面這些場(chǎng)景使用source參數(shù)

get_xxx_display 用于顯示 choices 參數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的文本信息。

序列化器文件：serializers.py

class TProjectSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model=Test_Project
        fields='__all__'


class TInterfaceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    type = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=Test_Interface.CHOICES,
                                   source="get_type_display",
                                   read_only=True)  # 設(shè)置source="get_屬性_display"即可
    class Meta:
        model=Test_Interface
        fields='__all__'

在這里插入圖片描述

3、支持連表查詢(xún)

project_create_time=serializers.CharField(source='project.create_time')

顯示一對(duì)一或一對(duì)多或多對(duì)多字段對(duì)應(yīng)的文本信息。支持連表查詢(xún)

from rest_framework import serializers
from ttest.models import Test_Project,Test_Interface


class TProjectSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model=Test_Project
        fields='__all__'


class TInterfaceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    type = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=Test_Interface.CHOICES,
                                   source="get_type_display",
                                   read_only=True)  # 設(shè)置source="get_屬性_display"即可
    project_create_time=serializers.CharField(source='project.create_time')

    class Meta:
        model=Test_Interface
        fields='__all__'

在這里插入圖片描述

4、自定義序列化輸出方法

自定義序列化輸出方法，會(huì)尋找并執(zhí)行’get_xxx’的方法。

from rest_framework import serializers
from ttest.models import Test_Project,Test_Interface


class TProjectSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model=Test_Project
        fields='__all__'


class TInterfaceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    type = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=Test_Interface.CHOICES,
                                   source="get_type_display",
                                   read_only=True)  # 設(shè)置source="get_屬性_display"即可
    project_create_time=serializers.CharField(source='project.create_time')

    name_zidingyi=serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    def get_name_zidingyi(self,obj):
        return obj.project.name

    class Meta:
        model=Test_Interface
        fields='__all__'

在這里插入圖片描述