text = "Python"

# 左對(duì)齊（默認(rèn)）
left = text.ljust(10)       # 'Python    '
center = text.center(10)   # '  Python  '
right = text.rjust(10)     # '    Python'

# 自定義填充字符
filled = text.center(15, '*')  # '****Python****'

# 舊式格式化
print("|%10s|" % text)     # '|    Python|'
print("|%-10s|" % text)    # '|Python    |'

# format方法
print("|{:>10}|".format(text))   # 右對(duì)齊
print("|{:<10}|".format(text))   # 左對(duì)齊
print("|{:^10}|".format(text))   # 居中對(duì)齊
print("|{:*^10}|".format(text))  # 填充對(duì)齊

# f-string (Python 3.6+)
width = 10
print(f"|{text:>{width}}|")      # 右對(duì)齊
print(f"|{text:<{width}}|")      # 左對(duì)齊
print(f"|{text:^{width}}|")      # 居中對(duì)齊
print(f"|{text:*^{width}}|")     # 填充對(duì)齊

import textwrap

long_text = "Python is an interpreted, high-level and general-purpose programming language."

# 基礎(chǔ)換行
wrapped = textwrap.fill(long_text, width=30)
print(wrapped)
"""
Python is an interpreted,
high-level and general-purpose
programming language.
"""

# 高級(jí)排版
formatted = textwrap.fill(
    long_text,
    width=30,
    initial_indent='> ',    # 首行縮進(jìn)
    subsequent_indent='| '   # 后續(xù)行縮進(jìn)
)
print(formatted)
"""
> Python is an interpreted,
| high-level and general-
| purpose programming
| language.
"""

def format_code_block(code, width=80):
    """格式化代碼塊"""
    # 移除多余空白
    code = '\n'.join(line.rstrip() for line in code.split('\n'))
    
    # 智能縮進(jìn)處理
    dedented = textwrap.dedent(code)
    
    # 保持注釋對(duì)齊
    wrapped = []
    for line in dedented.split('\n'):
        if line.strip().startswith('#'):
            # 注釋行保持原樣
            wrapped.append(line)
        else:
            # 代碼行換行處理
            wrapped.extend(textwrap.wrap(line, width=width))
    
    return '\n'.join(wrapped)

# 測(cè)試
code = """
    def calculate(a, b):
        # 這是一個(gè)加法函數(shù)
        result = a + b  # 計(jì)算結(jié)果
        return result
"""
print(format_code_block(code, 40))
"""
def calculate(a, b):
    # 這是一個(gè)加法函數(shù)
    result = a + b  # 計(jì)算結(jié)果
    return result
"""

def generate_table(data, headers, col_width=15):
    """生成對(duì)齊的文本表格"""
    # 表頭分隔線
    separator = '+' + '+'.join(['-' * col_width] * len(headers)) + '+'
    
    # 構(gòu)建表頭
    header_line = '|' + '|'.join(
        f"{h:^{col_width}}" for h in headers
    ) + '|'
    
    # 構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)行
    rows = []
    for row in data:
        row_line = '|' + '|'.join(
            f"{str(cell):^{col_width}}" for cell in row
        ) + '|'
        rows.append(row_line)
    
    # 組合表格
    return '\n'.join([separator, header_line, separator] + rows + [separator])

# 使用示例
headers = ["Product", "Price", "Stock"]
data = [
    ["Laptop", 999.99, 15],
    ["Phone", 699.99, 30],
    ["Tablet", 399.99, 25]
]

print(generate_table(data, headers))
"""
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
|    Product    |     Price     |     Stock     |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
|    Laptop     |    999.99     |      15       |
|    Phone      |    699.99     |      30       |
|    Tablet     |    399.99     |      25       |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+
"""

class TableFormatter:
    """高級(jí)表格格式化器"""
    def __init__(self, headers, alignments=None, float_precision=2):
        self.headers = headers
        self.alignments = alignments or ['^'] * len(headers)
        self.float_precision = float_precision
        self.col_widths = [len(h) for h in headers]
    
    def update_widths(self, row):
        for i, cell in enumerate(row):
            if isinstance(cell, float):
                cell_str = f"{cell:.{self.float_precision}f}"
            else:
                cell_str = str(cell)
            self.col_widths[i] = max(self.col_widths[i], len(cell_str))
    
    def format_row(self, row):
        formatted = []
        for i, cell in enumerate(row):
            width = self.col_widths[i]
            align = self.alignments[i]
            
            if isinstance(cell, float):
                cell_str = f"{cell:.{self.float_precision}f}"
            else:
                cell_str = str(cell)
            
            formatted.append(f"{cell_str:{align}{width}}")
        return '| ' + ' | '.join(formatted) + ' |'
    
    def format_table(self, data):
        # 計(jì)算列寬
        for row in data:
            self.update_widths(row)
        
        # 生成分隔線
        separator = '+-' + '-+-'.join(
            '-' * w for w in self.col_widths
        ) + '-+'
        
        # 生成表頭
        header_row = self.format_row(self.headers)
        
        # 生成數(shù)據(jù)行
        data_rows = [self.format_row(row) for row in data]
        
        return '\n'.join([separator, header_row, separator] + data_rows + [separator])

# 使用示例
headers = ["Product", "Price", "Stock", "Rating"]
data = [
    ["Laptop", 999.99, 15, 4.5],
    ["Phone", 699.99, 30, 4.7],
    ["Tablet", 399.99, 25, 4.3]
]

formatter = TableFormatter(
    headers,
    alignments=['<', '>', '>', '^'],  # 左對(duì)齊，右對(duì)齊，右對(duì)齊，居中
    float_precision=2
)

print(formatter.format_table(data))
"""
+----------+--------+-------+--------+
| Product  |  Price | Stock | Rating |
+----------+--------+-------+--------+
| Laptop   | 999.99 |    15 |  4.5   |
| Phone    | 699.99 |    30 |  4.7   |
| Tablet   | 399.99 |    25 |  4.3   |
+----------+--------+-------+--------+
"""

def color_text(text, color_code):
    """添加ANSI顏色"""
    return f"\033[{color_code}m{text}\033[0m"

def format_colored_table(data, headers, colors):
    """帶顏色的表格"""
    formatter = TableFormatter(headers)
    for row in data:
        formatter.update_widths(row)
    
    # 生成表頭
    header_line = formatter.format_row([
        color_text(h, colors.get(h, '0')) for h in headers
    ])
    
    # 生成數(shù)據(jù)行
    data_lines = []
    for row in data:
        colored_row = []
        for i, cell in enumerate(row):
            header = headers[i]
            color = colors.get(header, '0')
            cell_str = str(cell)
            if isinstance(cell, float):
                cell_str = f"{cell:.2f}"
            colored_row.append(color_text(cell_str, color))
        data_lines.append(formatter.format_row(colored_row))
    
    # 生成分隔線
    separator = '+-' + '-+-'.join(
        '-' * w for w in formatter.col_widths
    ) + '-+'
    
    return '\n'.join([separator, header_line, separator] + data_lines + [separator])

# 使用示例
headers = ["Name", "Age", "Score"]
data = [
    ["Alice", 28, 95.5],
    ["Bob", 32, 88.2],
    ["Charlie", 25, 91.8]
]

colors = {
    "Name": "34",   # 藍(lán)色
    "Age": "33",     # 黃色
    "Score": "32"    # 綠色
}

print(format_colored_table(data, headers, colors))

def format_progress_bar(progress, width=50, label=""):
    """對(duì)齊的進(jìn)度條"""
    # 計(jì)算進(jìn)度塊
    filled = int(progress * width)
    bar = '[' + '#' * filled + ' ' * (width - filled) + ']'
    
    # 添加百分比
    percent = f"{progress * 100:.1f}%"
    
    # 對(duì)齊標(biāo)簽
    label_width = 15
    aligned_label = f"{label:<{label_width}}"
    
    # 組合所有元素
    return f"{aligned_label} {bar} {percent}"

# 測(cè)試
print(format_progress_bar(0.25, label="Processing"))
print(format_progress_bar(0.75, label="Analyzing"))
print(format_progress_bar(1.0, label="Completed"))

"""
Processing     [####################                          ] 25.0%
Analyzing      [######################################        ] 75.0%
Completed      [##################################################] 100.0%
"""

import logging
from logging import Formatter

class AlignedFormatter(Formatter):
    """對(duì)齊的日志格式化器"""
    def __init__(self, fmt=None, datefmt=None, style='%', align_width=10):
        super().__init__(fmt, datefmt, style)
        self.align_width = align_width
    
    def format(self, record):
        # 對(duì)齊日志級(jí)別
        record.levelname = record.levelname.ljust(self.align_width)
        
        # 對(duì)齊模塊名
        if hasattr(record, 'module'):
            record.module = record.module.ljust(self.align_width)
        
        return super().format(record)

# 配置日志
logger = logging.getLogger("app")
handler = logging.StreamHandler()

formatter = AlignedFormatter(
    fmt='%(asctime)s | %(levelname)s | %(module)s | %(message)s',
    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
    align_width=10
)

handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

# 測(cè)試日志
logger.debug("Starting application")
logger.info("Configuration loaded")
logger.warning("Resource usage high")
logger.error("Failed to connect to database")

"""
2023-08-15 14:30:22 | DEBUG      | __main__    | Starting application
2023-08-15 14:30:23 | INFO       | config      | Configuration loaded
2023-08-15 14:30:25 | WARNING    | monitor     | Resource usage high
2023-08-15 14:30:30 | ERROR      | database    | Failed to connect to database
"""

def format_exception(exc):
    """美化異常堆棧輸出"""
    import traceback
    
    # 獲取堆棧信息
    tb_lines = traceback.format_exception(type(exc), exc, exc.__traceback__)
    
    # 對(duì)齊處理
    formatted = []
    for line in tb_lines:
        # 對(duì)齊文件路徑
        if "File" in line:
            parts = line.split(',')
            if len(parts) >= 2:
                file_info = parts[0].strip()
                code_info = ','.join(parts[1:]).strip()
                aligned = f"  {file_info:<50} {code_info}"
                formatted.append(aligned)
            else:
                formatted.append(line)
        else:
            formatted.append(line)
    
    return ''.join(formatted)

# 測(cè)試
try:
    1 / 0
except Exception as e:
    print(format_exception(e))

"""
  File "<stdin>", line 2                     in <module>
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
"""

def justify_text(text, width):
    """兩端對(duì)齊文本"""
    words = text.split()
    lines = []
    current_line = []
    current_length = 0
    
    for word in words:
        # 計(jì)算添加單詞后的長(zhǎng)度
        # (當(dāng)前單詞數(shù) + 空格數(shù))
        if current_line:
            new_length = current_length + len(word) + 1
        else:
            new_length = len(word)
        
        if new_length <= width:
            current_line.append(word)
            current_length = new_length
        else:
            # 對(duì)當(dāng)前行進(jìn)行兩端對(duì)齊
            lines.append(justify_line(current_line, width))
            current_line = [word]
            current_length = len(word)
    
    # 處理最后一行（左對(duì)齊）
    if current_line:
        lines.append(' '.join(current_line))
    
    return '\n'.join(lines)

def justify_line(words, width):
    """單行兩端對(duì)齊"""
    if len(words) == 1:
        return words[0].ljust(width)
    
    # 計(jì)算總空格數(shù)
    total_chars = sum(len(word) for word in words)
    total_spaces = width - total_chars
    gaps = len(words) - 1
    
    # 計(jì)算基本空格和額外空格
    base_spaces = total_spaces // gaps
    extra_spaces = total_spaces % gaps
    
    # 構(gòu)建行
    line = words[0]
    for i in range(1, len(words)):
        # 分配空格
        spaces = base_spaces + (1 if i <= extra_spaces else 0)
        line += ' ' * spaces + words[i]
    
    return line

# 測(cè)試
text = "Python is an interpreted high-level general-purpose programming language."
print(justify_text(text, 30))
"""
Python  is  an interpreted
high-level   general-purpose
programming language.
"""

def align_code_indentation(code):
    """智能對(duì)齊代碼縮進(jìn)"""
    lines = code.split('\n')
    indent_level = 0
    indent_size = 4
    result = []
    
    for line in lines:
        stripped = line.strip()
        if not stripped:  # 空行
            result.append('')
            continue
        
        # 計(jì)算縮進(jìn)變化
        if stripped.endswith(':'):
            # 增加縮進(jìn)層級(jí)
            indent_level += 1
        elif stripped.startswith(('return', 'break', 'continue', 'pass')):
            # 減少縮進(jìn)層級(jí)
            indent_level = max(0, indent_level - 1)
        
        # 應(yīng)用當(dāng)前縮進(jìn)
        indent = ' ' * (indent_level * indent_size)
        result.append(indent + stripped)
    
    return '\n'.join(result)

# 測(cè)試
code = """
def factorial(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)
"""

print(align_code_indentation(code))
"""
def factorial(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 1
    else:
        return n * factorial(n-1)
"""

import timeit

text = "Python"
width = 50

def test_ljust():
    return text.ljust(width)

def test_format():
    return format(text, f"<{width}")

def test_fstring():
    return f"{text:<{width}}"

# 性能測(cè)試
methods = {
    "str.ljust": test_ljust,
    "format": test_format,
    "f-string": test_fstring
}

results = {}
for name, func in methods.items():
    time = timeit.timeit(func, number=100000)
    results[name] = time

print("100,000次操作耗時(shí):")
for name, time in sorted(results.items(), key=lambda x: x[1]):
    print(f"{name}: {time:.5f}秒")

# 表頭居中，數(shù)字右對(duì)齊，文本左對(duì)齊
alignments = ['^', '>', '>', '<']

# 固定寬度對(duì)齊關(guān)鍵字段
fmt='%(asctime)s | %(levelname)-8s | %(message)s'

# 大循環(huán)中使用str.ljust/rjust
for item in large_list:
    print(item.ljust(20))

# 考慮全角字符寬度
from wcwidth import wcswidth
def real_width(text):
    return wcswidth(text)

class TestTextAlignment(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_table_alignment(self):
        headers = ["ID", "Name"]
        data = [[1, "Alice"], [2, "Bob"]]
        table = generate_table(data, headers)
        self.assertIn("Alice", table)
        self.assertIn("|  1  |", table)