Docker network自定義網絡方式

更新時間：2024年05月21日 11:59:27 作者：AdamShyly

這篇文章主要介紹了Docker network自定義網絡方式,具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助,如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教

Docker network自定義網絡

現在官方已經廢棄了 run --link 的使用（可通過容器名來 Ping 通），所以我們可以采用自定義網絡的做法來聯通容器

第一步

組建子網，我取名為 nettest

docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 nettest

注意我這里是使用IP地址前16位作為CIDR前綴，不要和集群內的其他子網沖突

可用 docker network inspect nettest 指令查看子網信息

[
    {
        "Name": "nettest",
        "Id": "241ec33539eae571bd0ce269f9b6ec8525dfbbe5e96d1c7e00539fa10a0adc10",
        "Created": "2022-03-31T13:07:44.672058045+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {},
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

第二步

向nettest子網添加容器，這里我將兩個我自己定義的centos容器加入了該子網

docker run -d -P --name centos-net-01 --net nettest mycentos
docker run -d -P --name centos-net-02 --net nettest mycentos

如果不指定net，則會自動加入bridge網絡（對應于docker0網橋）

此時再次查看子網信息

[
    {
        "Name": "nettest",
        "Id": "241ec33539eae571bd0ce269f9b6ec8525dfbbe5e96d1c7e00539fa10a0adc10",
        "Created": "2022-03-31T13:07:44.672058045+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {
            "126e1b28a5958ee159fa16073501cbc61508ce803ccaab1682489fb859fe6ae3": {
                "Name": "centos-net-02",
                "EndpointID": "14ae44c2a7f9b7572b814e86c06fef3597d5eb2308ea588c91cabe38d22ec426",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "903a5af6d1050998523a23b10f0dcee86f7d8a35cca8544ea5499b5cd6d22c9f": {
                "Name": "centos-net-01",
                "EndpointID": "7c1ff29b1fad9df3943d4d3eda6520cce66ebcbe61a8c5127b3161ddb7f6649a",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.2/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

可以發(fā)現 "Containers" 下多了兩個容器對象

而網關為宿主機

第三步

測試子網內的容器是否能聯通

可以發(fā)現通過容器名和其對應的內網IP都能Ping通

而這種自定義網絡我在容器的/etc/hosts中并沒有看到其他容器的域名IP映射

如果后續(xù)還需要向該子網添加容器，可以使用以下指令

docker network connect multi-host-network container1

[root@Hadoop100 docker-test-volume]# docker network connect nettest centos-net-03
[root@Hadoop100 docker-test-volume]# docker network inspect nettest
[
    {
        "Name": "nettest",
        "Id": "241ec33539eae571bd0ce269f9b6ec8525dfbbe5e96d1c7e00539fa10a0adc10",
        "Created": "2022-03-31T13:07:44.672058045+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {
            "126e1b28a5958ee159fa16073501cbc61508ce803ccaab1682489fb859fe6ae3": {
                "Name": "centos-net-02",
                "EndpointID": "14ae44c2a7f9b7572b814e86c06fef3597d5eb2308ea588c91cabe38d22ec426",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "163f33f66ba95bc9ee7dece20f87fe7c18ec290cd2618145bba1a07d7ebf2b6e": {
                "Name": "centos-net-03",
                "EndpointID": "6854d517cae02fa4b41fdd4c6406afd61c6529a573257829bc78003dca01b079",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:04",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.4/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "903a5af6d1050998523a23b10f0dcee86f7d8a35cca8544ea5499b5cd6d22c9f": {
                "Name": "centos-net-01",
                "EndpointID": "7c1ff29b1fad9df3943d4d3eda6520cce66ebcbe61a8c5127b3161ddb7f6649a",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.2/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

我之前使用run --link來聯通容器時，發(fā)現其中被link的源容器被我stop后兩個容器都從docker進程中消失了，而這種自定義網絡則不會出現這種奇怪的現象

最后需要強調一點，千萬不要試圖去使用 docker network rm -f $(docker network ls -q) 這種指令，這可能會把docker默認創(chuàng)建的網絡也給刪去！