docker安裝mariadb并在本地持久化數(shù)據(jù)方式

更新時間：2025年06月08日 15:44:55 作者：Asimov__

這篇文章主要介紹了docker安裝mariadb并數(shù)據(jù)持久化方式,具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助,如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教

安裝mariadb

查找hub倉庫的mariadb鏡像

 docker  search  mariadb

NAME                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mariadb                                MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3374                [OK]                
linuxserver/mariadb                    A Mariadb container, brought to you by Linux…   124

拉一個最新的mariadb鏡像

docker  pull  mariadb

latest: Pulling from library/mariadb
5bed26d33875: Pull complete 
f11b29a9c730: Pull complete

docker images

 REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mariadb             latest              37f5f0a258bf        3 weeks ago         356MB
centos              7                   5e35e350aded        5 months ago        203MB
django              latest              eb40dcf64078        3 years ago         436MB

數(shù)據(jù)持久化的方法

一：docker數(shù)據(jù)卷容器

創(chuàng)建一個名為myblogdb數(shù)據(jù)卷(volume Manage volumes)

docker  volume  create   myblogdb

查看myblogdb數(shù)據(jù)卷信息

docker  volume  inspect  myblogdb

[
    {
        "CreatedAt": "2020-04-17T11:47:53+08:00",
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": {},
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/myblogdb/_data",
        "Name": "myblogdb",
        "Options": {},
        "Scope": "local"
    }
]

查看所有數(shù)據(jù)卷信息

[root@asimov ~]# docker  volume ls
DRIVER              VOLUME NAME
local               myblogdb

刪除數(shù)據(jù)卷

docker volume rm 數(shù)據(jù)卷名

數(shù)據(jù)卷是被設計用來持久化數(shù)據(jù)的，它的生命周期獨立于容器，Docker 不會在容器被刪除后自動刪除數(shù)據(jù)卷，并且也不存在垃圾回收這樣的機制來處理沒有任何容器引用的數(shù)據(jù)卷。

如果需要在刪除容器的同時移除數(shù)據(jù)卷。可以在刪除容器的時候使用 docker rm -v 這個命令

清除無主的數(shù)據(jù)卷

docker volume prune

WARNING! This will remove all local volumes not used by at least one container.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Volumes:
myblogdb

啟動一個掛載數(shù)據(jù)卷的容器

[root@asimov ~]# docker  run  -d -P  --mount  source=myblog,target=/opt   --name mysql_volume  mariadb

--mount : 掛載目錄(或-v：目錄不存在時會自動創(chuàng)建目錄)
source=:創(chuàng)建的數(shù)據(jù)卷名（myblog），或本地目錄
target=：掛載到容器中的目錄

查看mysql_volume容器

docker  inspect   mysql_volume

"Mounts": [
            {
                "Type": "volume",
                "Name": "myblog",   #數(shù)據(jù)卷名
                "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/myblog/_data",   # 本地目錄
                "Destination": "/opt", # 掛載到容器中的目錄
                "Driver": "local",
                "Mode": "z",
                "RW": true,
                "Propagation": ""
            }
        ],

刪除容器同時移除數(shù)據(jù)卷

[root@asimov ~]# docker rm -v  mysql_volume
mysql_volume

二：掛載一個本地主機文件作為數(shù)據(jù)卷

創(chuàng)建mariadb容器并持久化到本地

[root@asimov data]# pwd
/root/docker_data/mysql/data
[root@asimov data]# docker  run  -d -p 3306:3306  -v /root/docker_data/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="asimov" --name mysqlblog  mariadb
7b962746a9407faefe40f0f3744c81a0d3b1e301adcc69f561e41a33785d4329

-d：后臺運行
-p 3306:3306 :將內(nèi)部的3306端口映射到外部的3306
-v /root/docker_data/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql ：將內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)庫掛載到外部
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=yourpasswd ：設置root用戶密碼
--name mysqlblog ：容器名
mariadb ：鏡像

指定mysql的配置文件

通過-v將本地的配置文件映射到docker內(nèi)部的mysql(/etc/mysql/my.cnf)

查看容器

[root@asimov data]# docker  ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
7b962746a940        mariadb             "docker-entrypoint.s…"   16 minutes ago      Up 16 minutes       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysqlblog
61c1a2f92913        centos:7            "/bin/bash"              46 hours ago        Up 28 hours         0.0.0.0:3333->8080/tcp   blog

進入容器

[root@asimov ~]# docker exec -it mysqlblog /bin/bash

進入數(shù)據(jù)庫

root@7b962746a940:~# mysql  -uroot  -p  passwd
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.4.12-MariaDB-1:10.4.12+maria~bionic mariadb.org binary distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫

MariaDB [(none)]> show  databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.002 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> create  database  asimov  default  charset  'utf8';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)

退出容器，查看本地掛載的目錄

[root@asimov data]# pwd
/root/docker_data/mysql/data
[root@asimov data]# ls
aria_log.00000001  aria_log_control  asimov  ib_buffer_pool  ibdata1  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile1  ibtmp1  multi-master.info  mysql  performance_schema
[root@asimov data]# cd  asimov/
[root@asimov asimov]# ls
db.opt