[root@Nginx ~]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.29.6.tar.gz

[root@Nginx ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.29.6.tar.gz 
[root@Nginx ~]# cd nginx-1.29.6/
[root@Nginx nginx-1.29.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
# 只需要make，不要make install
[root@Nginx nginx-1.29.6]# make
# 查看兩個(gè)nginx版本
[root@Nginx nginx-1.29.6]# ll objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6097248  3月 22 15:53 objs/nginx
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5893792  3月 22 14:03 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

# 將舊的nginx命令備份
[root@Nginx nginx-1.29.6]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@Nginx sbin]# cp nginx nginx.28.bak
# 將新的nginx命令復(fù)制過去
[root@Nginx sbin]# cp -p ~/nginx-1.29.6/objs/nginx ./nginx -f
cp：是否覆蓋'./nginx'？ yes		# 輸入yes確認(rèn)
[root@Nginx sbin]# ll
總用量 11712
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6097248  3月 22 15:53 nginx
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5893792  3月 22 16:49 nginx.28.bak
# 檢測(cè)
[root@Nginx sbin]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

# 查看nginx的進(jìn)程
[root@Nginx sbin]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid

[root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx
root        5199  0.0  0.0   9916   932 ?        Ss   16:47   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx       5200  0.0  0.1  13812  5268 ?        S    16:47   0:00 nginx: worker process
root        5292  0.0  0.0   6636  2216 pts/0    S+   16:50   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@Nginx sbin]# kill -USR2 5199 
# USR2 平滑升級(jí)可執(zhí)行程序,將存儲(chǔ)有舊版本主進(jìn)程PID的文件重命名為nginx.pid.oldbin，并啟動(dòng)新的nginx
# 此時(shí)兩個(gè)master的進(jìn)程都在運(yùn)行,只是舊的master不在監(jiān)聽,由新的master監(jiān)聽80
# 此時(shí)Nginx開啟一個(gè)新的master進(jìn)程，這個(gè)master進(jìn)程會(huì)生成新的worker進(jìn)程，這就是升級(jí)后的Nginx進(jìn)程，此時(shí)老的進(jìn)程不會(huì)自動(dòng)退出，但是當(dāng)接收到新的請(qǐng)求不作處理而是交給新的進(jìn)程處理。

[root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx
root        5199  0.0  0.0   9916  2528 ?        Ss   16:47   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx       5200  0.0  0.1  13812  5268 ?        S    16:47   0:00 nginx: worker process
root        5293  0.0  0.1   9964  6152 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx       5294  0.0  0.1  13872  4996 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: worker process
root        5296  0.0  0.0   6636  2212 pts/0    S+   16:51   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@Nginx sbin]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid  nginx.pid.oldbin

# 停止舊的進(jìn)程
# 向舊的master進(jìn)程發(fā)送WINCH信號(hào)，讓它關(guān)閉自己的worker
[root@Nginx sbin]# kill -WINCH 5199
[root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx
root        5199  0.0  0.0   9916  2528 ?        Ss   16:47   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root        5293  0.0  0.1   9964  6152 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx       5294  0.0  0.1  13872  4996 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: worker process
root        5307  0.0  0.0   6636  2192 pts/0    S+   16:51   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

# 可見舊的worker進(jìn)程已經(jīng)被關(guān)閉

# 檢測(cè)
[root@Nginx sbin]# curl -I localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.29.6		# 新版本生效
Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 08:32:16 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 06:03:42 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "69bf863e-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

# 如果升級(jí)的新版本發(fā)現(xiàn)問題需要回滾，可以重新拉起舊版本的worker
# 備份新版nginx
[root@Nginx sbin]# cp nginx nginx.29.bak
[root@Nginx sbin]# ls
nginx  nginx.28.bak  nginx.29.bak
[root@Nginx sbin]# mv nginx.28.bak nginx
mv：是否覆蓋'nginx'？ yes		# 輸入yes確認(rèn)覆蓋
# nginx重新加載配置文件
[root@Nginx sbin]# kill -HUP 5199		# 舊的主進(jìn)程ID，nginx主進(jìn)程收到信號(hào)后會(huì)重新加載配置文件并且逐個(gè)重啟worker進(jìn)程，使用新配置，不會(huì)中斷服務(wù)
# 該命令等同于 nginx -s reload 或者 systemctl reload nginx
[root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx
root        5199  0.0  0.0   9916  2528 ?        Ss   16:47   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root        5293  0.0  0.1   9964  6152 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx       5294  0.0  0.1  13872  4996 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx       5325  0.0  0.1  13812  4756 ?        S    16:58   0:00 nginx: worker process
root        5329  0.0  0.0   6636  2212 pts/0    S+   16:58   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# 可見舊版本的worker進(jìn)程又重新啟動(dòng)
[root@Nginx sbin]# kill -WINCH 5293		# 回收新版本的worker進(jìn)程
[root@Nginx sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx
root        5199  0.0  0.0   9916  2528 ?        Ss   16:47   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root        5293  0.0  0.1   9964  6152 ?        S    16:50   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx       5325  0.0  0.1  13812  4756 ?        S    16:58   0:00 nginx: worker process
root        5331  0.0  0.0   6636  2212 pts/0    S+   17:00   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# 檢測(cè)
[root@Nginx sbin]# curl -I localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.28.2		# 可見版本回退成功
Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 09:01:15 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 08:47:28 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "69bfaca0-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes